Kho???ng c??ch v?? tr??? gi???a M??? v?? Trung Qu??c
- Thứ bảy - 09/08/2025 15:06
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- Đóng cửa sổ này
Kho???ng c??ch gi???a c??ng ngh??? h??ng kh??ng v?? tr??? c???a Trung Qu???c v?? Hoa K??? l?? g???
V??o ng??y 24 th??ng 6 n??m nay, c??c phi h??nh gia tr??n t??u v?? tr??? c?? ng?????i l??i Th???n Ch??u-9 ???? ho??n th??nh cu???c g???p g??? v?? gh??p n???i th??? c??ng v???i ph??ng th?? nghi???m v?? tr??? Thi??n Cung-1. ????y l?? nhi???m v??? c???t l??i c???a v??? ph??ng t??u v?? tr??? Th???n Ch??u-9. C??ng ng??y, t??u l???n c?? ng?????i l??i Giao Long c???a Trung Qu???c ???? ?????t ????? s??u h??n 7.000 m??t t???i R??nh Mariana ??? ph??a t??y Th??i B??nh D????ng, l???p k??? l???c m???i v??? l???n bi???n s??u c?? ng?????i l??i. Th??ng 6 n??m nay, th??? gi???i ???? ch???ng ki???n nh???ng ti???n b??? v?????t b???c c???a khoa h???c v?? c??ng ngh??? Trung Qu???c.
T??u v?? tr??? Th???n Ch??u-9 ???????c ph??ng v??o ng??y 16, v?? v??o ng??y 18, n?? ???? ho??n th??nh cu???c g???p g??? v?? gh??p n???i t??? ?????ng v???i t??u v?? tr??? Thi??n Cung-1 tr??n qu??? ?????o Tr??i ?????t t???m th???p, c??ch Tr??i ?????t 343 km. V??o ng??y 24, Th???n Ch??u-9 t??ch kh???i Thi??n Cung-1 v?? r??t lui v??? kho???ng c??ch 400 m??t. Phi h??nh gia L??u V????ng sau ???? ???? ??i???u khi???n t??u v?? tr???, ti???p c???n l???i Thi??n Cung 1 v?? ho??n t???t qu?? tr??nh g???p g??? v?? k???t n???i th??? c??ng.
V??o th??ng 11 n??m 2011, Th???n Ch??u 8 v?? Thi??n Cung 1 ???? ?????t ???????c qu?? tr??nh g???p g??? v?? k???t n???i t??? ?????ng trong kh??ng gian, ????nh d???u Trung Qu???c l?? qu???c gia th??? ba, sau Hoa K??? v?? Nga, l??m ch??? c??ng ngh??? k???t n???i kh??ng gian. C??c phi h??nh gia Th???n Ch??u 9 ???? th???c hi???n k???t n???i v?? k???t n???i th??? c??ng, ch??? y???u ????? gi???i quy???t c??c tr?????ng h???p kh???n c???p nh?? m???t li??n l???c gi???a t??u v?? tr??? v?? m???t ?????t. K???t n???i v?? k???t n???i th??? c??ng c?? t??? l??? th??nh c??ng cao h??n k???t n???i v?? k???t n???i t??? ?????ng v?? c??c phi h??nh gia c?? th??? th??ch nghi v???i c??c s??? c???, v?? b??? n??o con ng?????i cu???i c??ng c??ng ????ng tin c???y h??n m??y t??nh.
Tr??n t??u Th???n Ch??u 7 (v??, ??? m???t m???c ????? ????ng k???, Th???n Ch??u ? ???????c ph??ng v??o n??m 2008, c??c phi h??nh gia ???? "l??i" t??u v?? tr???, ho???t ?????ng t??? ?????ng t??? khi ph??ng ?????n khi tr??? v???, m?? kh??ng c???n ??i???u khi???n th??? c??ng. Tuy nhi??n, tr??n t??u Th???n Ch??u 9, c??c phi h??nh gia v??? c?? b???n ??ang "l??i" t??u v?? tr??? trong qu?? tr??nh g???p g??? v?? k???t n???i th??? c??ng.
Sau khi Trung Qu???c ph??t tri???n t??n l???a ?????y ?????y cao v?? ki???m ch???ng ????? tin c???y c???a n??, h??? ???? l??m ch??? t???t c??? c??c c??ng ngh??? c???n thi???t cho k??? ho???ch x??y d???ng tr???m v?? tr??? v??o n??m 2020. C??ng ngh??? v?? tr??? c???a Trung Qu???c ???? ph??t tri???n nhanh ch??ng trong nh???ng n??m g???n ????y.
Kho???ng c??ch gi???a Trung Qu???c v?? Hoa K??? v??? c??ng ngh??? v?? tr??? v???n c??n kh?? l???n. Ngay t??? n??m 1969, Hoa K??? ???? th???c hi???n th??nh c??ng chuy???n ????? b??? ?????u ti??n c???a con ng?????i l??n M???t Tr??ng. Th??nh t???u n??y, ngay c??? tr?????c khi m??y t??nh ti??n ti???n ra ?????i v?? v???i c??ng su???t t??nh to??n h???n ch???, ???? cho ph??p h??? th???c hi???n c??c t??nh to??n ch??nh x??c c???n thi???t cho c??c d??? ??n ph??? kh??c nhau li??n quan ?????n vi???c h??? c??nh l??n M???t Tr??ng.
T???t nhi??n, Hoa K??? ???? ?????t ???????c th??nh t???u ????ng ch?? ?? n??y b???ng c??ch d??nh to??n b??? ngu???n l???c c???a qu???c gia cho kh??ng gian, chi m???t t??? l??? ????ng k??? GDP h??ng n??m cho kh??ng gian. So s??nh v???i Hoa K???, chi ti??u kh??ng gian c???a Trung Qu???c t??nh theo t??? l??? ph???n tr??m GDP th???p h??n nhi???u. H??n n???a, ng??nh c??ng nghi???p v?? tr??? Trung Qu???c hi???n ??ang s??? d???ng r???ng r??i c??ng ngh??? m??y t??nh cho nhi???u t??nh to??n kh??c nhau trong giai ??o???n thi???t k??? v?? ki???m ch???ng, v?? n??ng l???c ti??n ti???n c???a h??? trong l??nh v???c n??y v?????t xa ng??nh c??ng nghi???p v?? tr??? M??? v??o th???i ??i???m ????.
V??o th??ng 1 n??m 1986, t??n l???a mang theo t??u con thoi Challenger c???a M??? ???? ph??t n??? ngay sau khi ph??ng. V??o th??ng 2 n??m 2003, t??u con thoi Columbia c???a M???, khi tr??? v??? Tr??i ?????t sau nhi???m v??? k??o d??i 16 ng??y, ???? g???p s??? c??? tr?????c khi h??? c??nh, khi???n t??u con thoi b??? v??? v?? r??i. Hai th???m h???a t??u con thoi ???? c?????p ??i sinh m???ng c???a b???y phi h??nh gia m???i v???. Sau m???i th???m h???a, ch????ng tr??nh v?? tr??? c???a M??? ???? b??? ????nh ch??? trong hai n??m.
Ngo??i ra, trong hai th???p k??? qua, Hoa K??? ???? ??i???u ch???nh c??c m???c ti??u chi???n l?????c c???a m??nh, v?? chi ti??u cho v?? tr??? v???n gi??? nguy??n ??? m???c nh?? tr?????c ????y. X??t ?????n t??? l??? l???m ph??t h??ng n??m kho???ng 3%, t??? l??? GDP chi cho v?? tr??? hi???n nay th???c s??? th???p h??n nhi???u so v???i tr?????c ????y. Vi???c ?????u t?? kh??ng ????? t???t nhi??n s??? kh??ng ????? ????? ?????t ???????c nh???ng k???t qu??? ???n t?????ng. H??n n???a, c??c nh?? nghi??n c???u c???a NASA ???? ??? ????? tu???i 50 v?? r???t c???n nh???ng nh??n t??i m???i; n???u kh??ng, s???c b???n c???a c?? quan n??y ch???c ch???n s??? kh??ng ?????.
Kho???ng c??ch gi???a Trung Qu???c v?? Hoa K??? v??? c??ng ngh??? v?? tr??? n???m ??? b???n l??nh v???c.
Kho???ng c??ch hi???n t???i v??? c??ng ngh??? v?? tr??? gi???a Trung Qu???c v?? Hoa K??? ch??? y???u ???????c ph???n ??nh ??? b???n l??nh v???c: t??n l???a ?????y cao, tr???m v?? tr???, t??u con thoi v?? v??? tinh. ?????i v???i c??c ch????ng tr??nh v?? tr??? d??n s???, t??n l???a ?????y cao l?? m???t n??t th???t trong s??? ph??t tri???n kh??ng gian c???a Trung Qu???c. ?????i v???i c??c ???ng d???ng qu??n s???, ch???t l?????ng v?? s??? l?????ng v??? tinh ???ng d???ng ??a d???ng c???a Trung Qu???c c??n thua xa Hoa K???, ??i???u n??y l??m n???i b???t r?? r??ng s??? kh??c bi???t v??? kh??? n??ng ti???n h??nh m???t cu???c chi???n tranh c???c b??? c??ng ngh??? cao c???a h???.
T??n l???a ?????y cao l?? n???n t???ng c???a s??? ph??t tri???n c??ng ngh??? v?? tr???, d???a tr??n c??ng ngh??? v?? kinh nghi???m t??ch l??y. Trong s??? c??c qu???c gia c?? ng??nh du h??nh v?? tr??? l???n tr??n th??? gi???i, n??ng l???c t??n l???a ?????y cao c???a Trung Qu???c ?????ng th??? hai t??? d?????i l??n, ch??? sau ???n ?????. V?? d???, t??n l???a ?????y kh???ng l??? Saturn V m?? Hoa K??? s??? d???ng cho cu???c ????? b??? l??n M???t Tr??ng c?? s???c ch???a h??ng tr??m t???n ??? qu??? ?????o Tr??i ?????t th???p (LEO) (???? ng???ng ho???t ?????ng t??? l??u). Hi???n t???i, c??c t??n l???a ?????y ch??nh th???ng c???a M??? c?? t???i tr???ng LEO l?? 22 t???n v?? t???i tr???ng GTO (Qu??? ?????o Chuy???n ti???p ?????a t??nh) l?? 12 t???n. T??n l???a ?????y Tr?????ng Chinh 3BE m???nh nh???t c???a Trung Qu???c, t??n l???a ?????y Tr?????ng Chinh 3B, v??? m???t l?? thuy???t c?? t???i tr???ng LEO l?? 12 t???n v?? t???i tr???ng GTO l?? 5,5 t???n. Cho ?????n khi t??n l???a ?????y Tr?????ng Chinh 5 ??i v??o ho???t ?????ng, Tr?????ng Chinh 3B s??? v???n l?? t??n l???a ?????y ch??nh c???a Trung Qu???c cho c??c v??? ph??ng v??? tinh li??n l???c c??? l???n.
Trung Qu???c ???? li??n ti???p ph??t tri???n m???t m??-??un l???n 20 t???n cho tr???m v?? tr???, v??? tinh li??n l???c c??? l???n ????ng Ph????ng H???ng 5 n???ng 6,5-7 t???n v?? t??u th??m d?? M???t Tr??ng l???y m???u l???n cho giai ??o???n ba c???a Ch????ng tr??nh Th??m hi???m M???t Tr??ng. Hi???n t???i, vi???c ph??t tri???n c??c t??n l???a ?????y m???nh ???? tr??? th??nh m???t n??t th???t k??? thu???t ?????i v???i Trung Qu???c.
Trung Qu???c hi???n ??ang ph??t tri???n t??n l???a ?????y Tr?????ng Chinh 5, t??n l???a ?????y m???nh nh???t t??? tr?????c ?????n nay. M??a h?? n??m nay, t??n l???a ???? ph??t tri???n th??nh c??ng ?????ng c?? chu tr??nh t??i sinh ??p su???t cao oxy l???ng-d???u h???a n???ng 120 t???n, ?????ng c?? n??y s??? h??? tr??? m???nh m??? cho c??c s??? m???nh quan tr???ng nh?? du h??nh v?? tr??? c?? ng?????i l??i v?? th??m hi???m M???t Tr??ng. D??? ??n, ???????c Qu???c v??? vi???n ph?? duy???t v??o th??ng 9 n??m 2000, s??? ????ng vai tr?? l?? h??? th???ng ?????ng l???c c???a t??n l???a Tr?????ng Chinh 5. T??n l???a Tr?????ng Chinh 5, c??ng ???????c ph?? duy???t v??o n??m 2006, t??? h??o c?? c??c ch??? s??? hi???u su???t ch??nh t????ng ??????ng v???i c??c t??n l???a ?????y c??? l???n c???a M???. Tuy nhi??n, t??n l???a Tr?????ng Chinh 5 v???n ch??a ???????c ph??t tri???n th??nh c??ng. Ngay c??? khi l???n ph??ng th??? nghi???m ?????u ti??n th??nh c??ng, ????? tin c???y c???a n?? v???n c???n ???????c th??? nghi???m l???i, v?? vi???c s??? d???ng trong c??c chuy???n bay v?? tr??? c?? ng?????i l??i s??? m???t v??i n??m n???a.
Sau khi ????? tin c???y c???a t??n l???a ?????y m???nh ???????c ch???ng nh???n, vi???c x??y d???ng tr???m v?? tr??? c?? th??? b???t ?????u. B???n th??n t??u con thoi c??ng l?? m???t d??? ??n quan tr???ng kh??c. V???i nh???ng ?????t ph?? trong c??c d??? ??n n??y, Trung Qu???c s??? c?? th??? ?????t ???????c k??? t??ch h??? c??nh tr??n M???t Tr??ng. T???t nhi??n, trong qu?? tr??nh tri???n khai c??? tr???m v?? tr??? v?? t??u con thoi, Trung Qu???c ph???i tr??nh nh???ng th???m k???ch t????ng t??? nh?? hai th???m h???a t??u con thoi c???a M???; N???u kh??ng, ch????ng tr??nh kh??ng gian c???a h??? ch???c ch???n s??? b??? tr?? ho??n trong v??i n??m.
Khi n??i ?????n vi???c ph??t tri???n v??? tinh ??a n??ng, ch???t l?????ng linh ki???n v?? hi???u su???t c???m bi???n l?? r???t quan tr???ng. ????y l?? hai l??nh v???c m?? v??? tinh Trung Qu???c c??n thi???u s??t, v?? ??????ng nhi??n h??? c???n ph???i nhanh ch??ng b???t k???p.
????nh gi?? tr??n v??? s??? ph??t tri???n c??ng ngh??? kh??ng gian c???a Trung Qu???c v?? Hoa K??? gi??? ?????nh r???ng ng??nh c??ng nghi???p kh??ng gian c???a Hoa K??? s??? v???n tr?? tr??? trong 20 n??m t???i. N???u Hoa K??? ti???p t???c t??ng c?????ng n??? l???c ph??t tri???n kh??ng gian, t??nh h??nh s??? thay ?????i.
T??m l???i, v???n c??n m???t kho???ng c??ch ????ng k??? gi???a c??ng ngh??? kh??ng gian c???a Trung Qu???c v?? Hoa K???. Hoa K??? kh??ng c???n ph???i qu?? lo l???ng v??? t??nh tr???ng hi???n t???i c???a c??ng ngh??? kh??ng gian Trung Qu???c v?? c??c ???ng d???ng qu??n s??? trong t????ng lai c???a n??.
(Bi??n t???p: V????nvg Nam)
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V??o ng??y 24 th??ng 6 n??m nay, c??c phi h??nh gia tr??n t??u v?? tr??? c?? ng?????i l??i Th???n Ch??u-9 ???? ho??n th??nh cu???c g???p g??? v?? gh??p n???i th??? c??ng v???i ph??ng th?? nghi???m v?? tr??? Thi??n Cung-1. ????y l?? nhi???m v??? c???t l??i c???a v??? ph??ng t??u v?? tr??? Th???n Ch??u-9. C??ng ng??y, t??u l???n c?? ng?????i l??i Giao Long c???a Trung Qu???c ???? ?????t ????? s??u h??n 7.000 m??t t???i R??nh Mariana ??? ph??a t??y Th??i B??nh D????ng, l???p k??? l???c m???i v??? l???n bi???n s??u c?? ng?????i l??i. Th??ng 6 n??m nay, th??? gi???i ???? ch???ng ki???n nh???ng ti???n b??? v?????t b???c c???a khoa h???c v?? c??ng ngh??? Trung Qu???c.
T??u v?? tr??? Th???n Ch??u-9 ???????c ph??ng v??o ng??y 16, v?? v??o ng??y 18, n?? ???? ho??n th??nh cu???c g???p g??? v?? gh??p n???i t??? ?????ng v???i t??u v?? tr??? Thi??n Cung-1 tr??n qu??? ?????o Tr??i ?????t t???m th???p, c??ch Tr??i ?????t 343 km. V??o ng??y 24, Th???n Ch??u-9 t??ch kh???i Thi??n Cung-1 v?? r??t lui v??? kho???ng c??ch 400 m??t. Phi h??nh gia L??u V????ng sau ???? ???? ??i???u khi???n t??u v?? tr???, ti???p c???n l???i Thi??n Cung 1 v?? ho??n t???t qu?? tr??nh g???p g??? v?? k???t n???i th??? c??ng.
V??o th??ng 11 n??m 2011, Th???n Ch??u 8 v?? Thi??n Cung 1 ???? ?????t ???????c qu?? tr??nh g???p g??? v?? k???t n???i t??? ?????ng trong kh??ng gian, ????nh d???u Trung Qu???c l?? qu???c gia th??? ba, sau Hoa K??? v?? Nga, l??m ch??? c??ng ngh??? k???t n???i kh??ng gian. C??c phi h??nh gia Th???n Ch??u 9 ???? th???c hi???n k???t n???i v?? k???t n???i th??? c??ng, ch??? y???u ????? gi???i quy???t c??c tr?????ng h???p kh???n c???p nh?? m???t li??n l???c gi???a t??u v?? tr??? v?? m???t ?????t. K???t n???i v?? k???t n???i th??? c??ng c?? t??? l??? th??nh c??ng cao h??n k???t n???i v?? k???t n???i t??? ?????ng v?? c??c phi h??nh gia c?? th??? th??ch nghi v???i c??c s??? c???, v?? b??? n??o con ng?????i cu???i c??ng c??ng ????ng tin c???y h??n m??y t??nh.
Tr??n t??u Th???n Ch??u 7 (v??, ??? m???t m???c ????? ????ng k???, Th???n Ch??u ? ???????c ph??ng v??o n??m 2008, c??c phi h??nh gia ???? "l??i" t??u v?? tr???, ho???t ?????ng t??? ?????ng t??? khi ph??ng ?????n khi tr??? v???, m?? kh??ng c???n ??i???u khi???n th??? c??ng. Tuy nhi??n, tr??n t??u Th???n Ch??u 9, c??c phi h??nh gia v??? c?? b???n ??ang "l??i" t??u v?? tr??? trong qu?? tr??nh g???p g??? v?? k???t n???i th??? c??ng.
Sau khi Trung Qu???c ph??t tri???n t??n l???a ?????y ?????y cao v?? ki???m ch???ng ????? tin c???y c???a n??, h??? ???? l??m ch??? t???t c??? c??c c??ng ngh??? c???n thi???t cho k??? ho???ch x??y d???ng tr???m v?? tr??? v??o n??m 2020. C??ng ngh??? v?? tr??? c???a Trung Qu???c ???? ph??t tri???n nhanh ch??ng trong nh???ng n??m g???n ????y.
Kho???ng c??ch gi???a Trung Qu???c v?? Hoa K??? v??? c??ng ngh??? v?? tr??? v???n c??n kh?? l???n. Ngay t??? n??m 1969, Hoa K??? ???? th???c hi???n th??nh c??ng chuy???n ????? b??? ?????u ti??n c???a con ng?????i l??n M???t Tr??ng. Th??nh t???u n??y, ngay c??? tr?????c khi m??y t??nh ti??n ti???n ra ?????i v?? v???i c??ng su???t t??nh to??n h???n ch???, ???? cho ph??p h??? th???c hi???n c??c t??nh to??n ch??nh x??c c???n thi???t cho c??c d??? ??n ph??? kh??c nhau li??n quan ?????n vi???c h??? c??nh l??n M???t Tr??ng.
T???t nhi??n, Hoa K??? ???? ?????t ???????c th??nh t???u ????ng ch?? ?? n??y b???ng c??ch d??nh to??n b??? ngu???n l???c c???a qu???c gia cho kh??ng gian, chi m???t t??? l??? ????ng k??? GDP h??ng n??m cho kh??ng gian. So s??nh v???i Hoa K???, chi ti??u kh??ng gian c???a Trung Qu???c t??nh theo t??? l??? ph???n tr??m GDP th???p h??n nhi???u. H??n n???a, ng??nh c??ng nghi???p v?? tr??? Trung Qu???c hi???n ??ang s??? d???ng r???ng r??i c??ng ngh??? m??y t??nh cho nhi???u t??nh to??n kh??c nhau trong giai ??o???n thi???t k??? v?? ki???m ch???ng, v?? n??ng l???c ti??n ti???n c???a h??? trong l??nh v???c n??y v?????t xa ng??nh c??ng nghi???p v?? tr??? M??? v??o th???i ??i???m ????.
V??o th??ng 1 n??m 1986, t??n l???a mang theo t??u con thoi Challenger c???a M??? ???? ph??t n??? ngay sau khi ph??ng. V??o th??ng 2 n??m 2003, t??u con thoi Columbia c???a M???, khi tr??? v??? Tr??i ?????t sau nhi???m v??? k??o d??i 16 ng??y, ???? g???p s??? c??? tr?????c khi h??? c??nh, khi???n t??u con thoi b??? v??? v?? r??i. Hai th???m h???a t??u con thoi ???? c?????p ??i sinh m???ng c???a b???y phi h??nh gia m???i v???. Sau m???i th???m h???a, ch????ng tr??nh v?? tr??? c???a M??? ???? b??? ????nh ch??? trong hai n??m.
Ngo??i ra, trong hai th???p k??? qua, Hoa K??? ???? ??i???u ch???nh c??c m???c ti??u chi???n l?????c c???a m??nh, v?? chi ti??u cho v?? tr??? v???n gi??? nguy??n ??? m???c nh?? tr?????c ????y. X??t ?????n t??? l??? l???m ph??t h??ng n??m kho???ng 3%, t??? l??? GDP chi cho v?? tr??? hi???n nay th???c s??? th???p h??n nhi???u so v???i tr?????c ????y. Vi???c ?????u t?? kh??ng ????? t???t nhi??n s??? kh??ng ????? ????? ?????t ???????c nh???ng k???t qu??? ???n t?????ng. H??n n???a, c??c nh?? nghi??n c???u c???a NASA ???? ??? ????? tu???i 50 v?? r???t c???n nh???ng nh??n t??i m???i; n???u kh??ng, s???c b???n c???a c?? quan n??y ch???c ch???n s??? kh??ng ?????.
Kho???ng c??ch gi???a Trung Qu???c v?? Hoa K??? v??? c??ng ngh??? v?? tr??? n???m ??? b???n l??nh v???c.
Kho???ng c??ch hi???n t???i v??? c??ng ngh??? v?? tr??? gi???a Trung Qu???c v?? Hoa K??? ch??? y???u ???????c ph???n ??nh ??? b???n l??nh v???c: t??n l???a ?????y cao, tr???m v?? tr???, t??u con thoi v?? v??? tinh. ?????i v???i c??c ch????ng tr??nh v?? tr??? d??n s???, t??n l???a ?????y cao l?? m???t n??t th???t trong s??? ph??t tri???n kh??ng gian c???a Trung Qu???c. ?????i v???i c??c ???ng d???ng qu??n s???, ch???t l?????ng v?? s??? l?????ng v??? tinh ???ng d???ng ??a d???ng c???a Trung Qu???c c??n thua xa Hoa K???, ??i???u n??y l??m n???i b???t r?? r??ng s??? kh??c bi???t v??? kh??? n??ng ti???n h??nh m???t cu???c chi???n tranh c???c b??? c??ng ngh??? cao c???a h???.
T??n l???a ?????y cao l?? n???n t???ng c???a s??? ph??t tri???n c??ng ngh??? v?? tr???, d???a tr??n c??ng ngh??? v?? kinh nghi???m t??ch l??y. Trong s??? c??c qu???c gia c?? ng??nh du h??nh v?? tr??? l???n tr??n th??? gi???i, n??ng l???c t??n l???a ?????y cao c???a Trung Qu???c ?????ng th??? hai t??? d?????i l??n, ch??? sau ???n ?????. V?? d???, t??n l???a ?????y kh???ng l??? Saturn V m?? Hoa K??? s??? d???ng cho cu???c ????? b??? l??n M???t Tr??ng c?? s???c ch???a h??ng tr??m t???n ??? qu??? ?????o Tr??i ?????t th???p (LEO) (???? ng???ng ho???t ?????ng t??? l??u). Hi???n t???i, c??c t??n l???a ?????y ch??nh th???ng c???a M??? c?? t???i tr???ng LEO l?? 22 t???n v?? t???i tr???ng GTO (Qu??? ?????o Chuy???n ti???p ?????a t??nh) l?? 12 t???n. T??n l???a ?????y Tr?????ng Chinh 3BE m???nh nh???t c???a Trung Qu???c, t??n l???a ?????y Tr?????ng Chinh 3B, v??? m???t l?? thuy???t c?? t???i tr???ng LEO l?? 12 t???n v?? t???i tr???ng GTO l?? 5,5 t???n. Cho ?????n khi t??n l???a ?????y Tr?????ng Chinh 5 ??i v??o ho???t ?????ng, Tr?????ng Chinh 3B s??? v???n l?? t??n l???a ?????y ch??nh c???a Trung Qu???c cho c??c v??? ph??ng v??? tinh li??n l???c c??? l???n.
Trung Qu???c ???? li??n ti???p ph??t tri???n m???t m??-??un l???n 20 t???n cho tr???m v?? tr???, v??? tinh li??n l???c c??? l???n ????ng Ph????ng H???ng 5 n???ng 6,5-7 t???n v?? t??u th??m d?? M???t Tr??ng l???y m???u l???n cho giai ??o???n ba c???a Ch????ng tr??nh Th??m hi???m M???t Tr??ng. Hi???n t???i, vi???c ph??t tri???n c??c t??n l???a ?????y m???nh ???? tr??? th??nh m???t n??t th???t k??? thu???t ?????i v???i Trung Qu???c.
Trung Qu???c hi???n ??ang ph??t tri???n t??n l???a ?????y Tr?????ng Chinh 5, t??n l???a ?????y m???nh nh???t t??? tr?????c ?????n nay. M??a h?? n??m nay, t??n l???a ???? ph??t tri???n th??nh c??ng ?????ng c?? chu tr??nh t??i sinh ??p su???t cao oxy l???ng-d???u h???a n???ng 120 t???n, ?????ng c?? n??y s??? h??? tr??? m???nh m??? cho c??c s??? m???nh quan tr???ng nh?? du h??nh v?? tr??? c?? ng?????i l??i v?? th??m hi???m M???t Tr??ng. D??? ??n, ???????c Qu???c v??? vi???n ph?? duy???t v??o th??ng 9 n??m 2000, s??? ????ng vai tr?? l?? h??? th???ng ?????ng l???c c???a t??n l???a Tr?????ng Chinh 5. T??n l???a Tr?????ng Chinh 5, c??ng ???????c ph?? duy???t v??o n??m 2006, t??? h??o c?? c??c ch??? s??? hi???u su???t ch??nh t????ng ??????ng v???i c??c t??n l???a ?????y c??? l???n c???a M???. Tuy nhi??n, t??n l???a Tr?????ng Chinh 5 v???n ch??a ???????c ph??t tri???n th??nh c??ng. Ngay c??? khi l???n ph??ng th??? nghi???m ?????u ti??n th??nh c??ng, ????? tin c???y c???a n?? v???n c???n ???????c th??? nghi???m l???i, v?? vi???c s??? d???ng trong c??c chuy???n bay v?? tr??? c?? ng?????i l??i s??? m???t v??i n??m n???a.
Sau khi ????? tin c???y c???a t??n l???a ?????y m???nh ???????c ch???ng nh???n, vi???c x??y d???ng tr???m v?? tr??? c?? th??? b???t ?????u. B???n th??n t??u con thoi c??ng l?? m???t d??? ??n quan tr???ng kh??c. V???i nh???ng ?????t ph?? trong c??c d??? ??n n??y, Trung Qu???c s??? c?? th??? ?????t ???????c k??? t??ch h??? c??nh tr??n M???t Tr??ng. T???t nhi??n, trong qu?? tr??nh tri???n khai c??? tr???m v?? tr??? v?? t??u con thoi, Trung Qu???c ph???i tr??nh nh???ng th???m k???ch t????ng t??? nh?? hai th???m h???a t??u con thoi c???a M???; N???u kh??ng, ch????ng tr??nh kh??ng gian c???a h??? ch???c ch???n s??? b??? tr?? ho??n trong v??i n??m.
Khi n??i ?????n vi???c ph??t tri???n v??? tinh ??a n??ng, ch???t l?????ng linh ki???n v?? hi???u su???t c???m bi???n l?? r???t quan tr???ng. ????y l?? hai l??nh v???c m?? v??? tinh Trung Qu???c c??n thi???u s??t, v?? ??????ng nhi??n h??? c???n ph???i nhanh ch??ng b???t k???p.
????nh gi?? tr??n v??? s??? ph??t tri???n c??ng ngh??? kh??ng gian c???a Trung Qu???c v?? Hoa K??? gi??? ?????nh r???ng ng??nh c??ng nghi???p kh??ng gian c???a Hoa K??? s??? v???n tr?? tr??? trong 20 n??m t???i. N???u Hoa K??? ti???p t???c t??ng c?????ng n??? l???c ph??t tri???n kh??ng gian, t??nh h??nh s??? thay ?????i.
T??m l???i, v???n c??n m???t kho???ng c??ch ????ng k??? gi???a c??ng ngh??? kh??ng gian c???a Trung Qu???c v?? Hoa K???. Hoa K??? kh??ng c???n ph???i qu?? lo l???ng v??? t??nh tr???ng hi???n t???i c???a c??ng ngh??? kh??ng gian Trung Qu???c v?? c??c ???ng d???ng qu??n s??? trong t????ng lai c???a n??.
(Bi??n t???p: V????nvg Nam)
????? ho??ng theo VOV
T??m l???i v???n c??n kh???ng c??ch ??ang k??? gi???a c??ng ngh??? kh??ng gian c???a Trung Qu??c v?? Hoa K???.