Th??nh t??ch t??u v?? tr??? Th???n Ch??u 20
- Thứ sáu - 08/08/2025 19:37
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- Đóng cửa sổ này
TH??NH T???U ??U V?? TR??? TH???N CH??U 20
T??N HOA X?? | M??a xu??n Trung Qu???c v??? n??n m???t b???c tranh m???i, b???n r???n ????n gi?? ????ng ph??ng Th???n Ch??u ??? Nh??n d???p ph??ng th??nh c??ng t??u v?? tr??? c?? ng?????i l??i Th???n Ch??u-20
T??n Hoa X??/, T???u Tuy???n, ng??y 24 th??ng 4, Ti??u ?????: M??a xu??n Trung Qu???c v??? n??n m???t b???c tranh m???i, b???n r???n ????n gi?? ????ng ph??ng Th???n Ch??u ??? Nh??n d???p ph??ng th??nh c??ng t??u v?? tr??? c?? ng?????i l??i Th???n Ch??u-20
Ph??ng vi??n T??n Hoa X??: L?? Qu???c L???p, L??u Ngh??? v?? Ho??ng D???t Th???n
Ng??y 24 th??ng 4 n??m 2025, m???t trang m???i trong l???ch s??? kh??ng gian c???a Trung Qu???c ???? m??? ra.
L??c 17:17, t??n l???a ?????y Tr?????ng Chinh 2F Yao-20 mang theo t??u v?? tr??? c?? ng?????i l??i Th???n Ch??u-20 ???? ???????c kh???i ?????ng v?? c???t c??nh t??? Trung t??m Ph??ng V??? tinh T???u Tuy???n. Kho???ng 10 ph??t sau, ba phi h??nh gia Tr???n ????ng, Tr???n Trung Th???y v?? V????ng Ki???t ???? bay v??o v?? tr???, ????nh d???u m???t th??nh c??ng tr???n v???n.
Ng??y 24 th??ng 4, t??n l???a ?????y Tr?????ng Chinh 2F Yao-20 mang theo t??u v?? tr??? c?? ng?????i l??i Th???n Ch??u-20 ???? ???????c ph??ng t??? Trung t??m Ph??ng V??? tinh T???u Tuy???n. T??u v?? tr??? ???? t??ch kh???i t??n l???a th??nh c??ng v?? ??i v??o qu??? ?????o d??? ki???n. Hi???n t???i, phi h??nh ??o??n ??ang trong t??nh tr???ng s???c kh???e t???t, v?? v??? ph??ng ???? th??nh c??ng t???t ?????p. T??n Hoa X?? (???nh: H??n K??? D????ng)
Gi??? ph??t n??y, ?????t n?????c Trung Qu???c xanh t????i, chim h??t l??u lo, v???n v???t h??a ca. S??u th???m trong sa m???c Gobi, t???i Th??nh ph??? H??ng kh??ng V?? tr??? ????ng Phong, nh???ng r???ng li???u c??ng t????i m??t v?? tr??n ?????y n???ng, th???p l??n nh???ng hy v???ng m???i.
M??a xu??n Trung Qu???c v??? n??n m???t b???c tranh m???i, v?? t??u v?? tr??? Th???n Ch??u ???????c ph??ng l??n trong gi?? ????ng.
L???n n??y, t??u v?? tr??? Th???n Ch??u ???? bay l??n b???u tr???i l???n th??? 20.
Ng??y n??y ????nh d???u k??? ni???m 55 n??m ng??y ph??ng th??nh c??ng v??? tinh nh??n t???o Tr??i ?????t ?????u ti??n c???a Trung Qu???c, ????ng Ph????ng H???ng-1, v?? l?? "Ng??y V?? tr??? Trung Qu???c" l???n th??? 10.
H??nh tr??nh n??y l?? m???t h??nh tr??nh d??i ?????i v???i ng?????i d??n Trung Qu???c, t??m ki???m b???u tr???i v?? v????n t???i nh???ng v?? sao.
Con ???????ng ph???ng s??? T??? qu???c
????y l?? l???n th??? ba Tr???n ????ng b?????c tr??n con ???????ng ph???ng s??? T??? qu???c tr?????c V??n Thi??n C??c.
T??? vai tr?? phi h??nh gia trong phi h??nh ??o??n Th???n Ch??u-11, ?????n s?? quan ch??? huy phi h??nh ??o??n Th???n Ch??u-14, v?? cu???i c??ng l?? ch??? huy phi h??nh ??o??n Th???n Ch??u-20, ng?????i ????n ??ng 47 tu???i n??y ???? d??nh 15 n??m ????? l??m hai vi???c: bay v??o v?? tr??? v?? chu???n b??? cho chuy???n bay v?? tr???.
Nh???ng ng?????i ti???n ??ng l??n ???????ng ?????u nh???n th???y t??c ??ng b???c nhi???u h??n m???t ch??t so v???i chuy???n bay v?? tr??? ?????u ti??n v??o n??m 2016.
Ng??y 24 th??ng 4, l??? kh???i h??nh c???a c??c phi h??nh gia cho s??? m???nh kh??ng gian c?? ng?????i l??i Th???n Ch??u-20 ???? ???????c t??? ch???c t???i Qu???ng tr?????ng V?????n M???ng thu???c V??n Thi??n C??c, thu???c Trung t??m Ph??ng V??? tinh T???u Tuy???n. C??c phi h??nh gia Tr???n ????ng (ph???i), Tr???n Trung Th???y (gi???a) v?? V????ng Ki???t ???? c?? m???t t???i l??? kh???i h??nh. ???nh: Ph??ng vi??n Li??n Ch???n c???a T??n Hoa X??.
"Th??a ?????ng ch?? T???ng t?? l???nh, ch??ng t??i ???????c l???nh th???c hi???n s??? m???nh kh??ng gian c?? ng?????i l??i Th???n Ch??u 20. C??ng t??c chu???n b??? ???? ho??n t???t. Xin ?????ng ch?? h??y ra l???nh! Phi h??nh gia Tr???n ????ng thu???c Qu??n ??o??n Phi h??nh gia Qu??n Gi???i ph??ng Nh??n d??n Trung Qu???c."
"Phi h??nh gia Tr???n Trung Th???y." "Phi h??nh gia V????ng Ki???t."
"Kh???i h??nh!"
????y l?? l???n th??? 15 c??c phi h??nh gia Trung Qu???c kh???i h??nh v??? n?????c. K??? t??? khi D????ng L???p V?? ph??ng l??n t??? ch??nh ?????a ??i???m n??y v??o n??m 2003, t???t c??? h??? ?????u nh???n ???????c c??ng m???t m???nh l???nh.
Kh???i h??nh???????y l?? ti???ng g???i quen thu???c nh???t ?????i v???i c??c phi h??nh gia Trung Qu???c. D?? con ???????ng l??n v?? tr??? c?? gian nan ?????n ????u, t???c ????? kh??m ph?? c???a h??? v???n kh??ng bao gi??? ng???ng l???i.
T??? Th???n Ch??u 1 ?????n Th???n Ch??u 20, ai c??ng ch???ng ki???n nh???ng chuy???n bay ngo???n m???c n???i ti???p nhau, nh??ng ??t ai nh???n ra s??? c???ng hi???n c???a c??c phi h??nh gia.
Ng??y 15 th??ng 10 n??m 2003, D????ng L???p V?? l??n t??u Th???n Ch??u V, b???t ?????u chuy???n du h??nh v?? tr??? ?????u ti??n c???a Trung Qu???c. Khi t??n l???a t??ng t???c, ban ?????u ??ng c???m th???y r???t vui. Ch???ng m???y ch???c, t??n l???a b???t ?????u rung l???c d??? d???i, t???o ra ti???ng vang.
??au ?????n v?? nh???ng c??n ??au qu???n th???t trong n???i t???ng, D????ng L???p V?? ?????t nhi??n c???m th???y m??nh s???p ch???t. May m???n thay, c???m gi??c ???? nhanh ch??ng qua ??i. Ch???ng m???y ch???c, gi???ng n??i ti???ng Trung ?????u ti??n vang l??n t??? kh??ng gian: D????ng L???p V?? b??o c??o: "Chuy???n bay b??nh th?????ng."
Du h??nh v?? tr??? l?? m???t n??? l???c c???c k??? m???o hi???m.
L??u D????ng, n??? phi h??nh gia ?????u ti??n c???a Trung Qu???c, ???? m?? t??? c???m x??c c???a m??nh tr?????c chuy???n bay v?? tr??? ?????u ti??n: "T??i ??i ????? l??m g??? B?????c l??n b???u tr???i ph????ng Nam, ph?? v??? b???u tr???i. N???u t??i kh??ng bao gi??? tr??? v???, th?? t??i s??? kh??ng bao gi??? tr??? v???."
"L???i ??ch c???a t??? qu???c l?? tr??n h???t!" M???c d?? bi???t tr?????c nh???ng nguy hi???m, c??c phi h??nh gia Trung Qu???c v???n ti???n l??n ph??a tr?????c.
Vi???c tuy???n ch???n v?? ????o t???o phi h??nh gia l?? m???t d???u hi???u quan tr???ng cho th???y m???t qu???c gia c?? th??? t??? ch??? th???c hi???n c??c chuy???n bay v?? tr??? c?? ng?????i l??i. Nh??? nh???ng n??? l???c chung c???a nhi???u th??? h??? phi h??nh gia, Trung Qu???c ???? t??? t???o ra con ???????ng ????o t???o phi h??nh gia c???a ri??ng m??nh.
Vi???c tuy???n ch???n v?? ????o t???o l???a phi h??nh gia ?????u ti??n kh??ng c?? kinh nghi???m tr?????c ???? ????? h???c h???i, v?? v???y m???i th??? ?????u ???????c h???c t??? ?????u. Ti??u chu???n ph???i nghi??m ng???t v?? ?????y th??? th??ch, h?????ng ?????n nh???ng ti??u chu???n cao nh???t c?? th???. Cu???i c??ng, ch??? c?? 14 trong s??? h??n 1.500 phi c??ng xu???t s???c c???a Kh??ng qu??n ???????c ch???n.
N??m 2009, Tr???n ????ng, v???i kh??t v???ng "bay v?????t ra ngo??i b???u kh?? quy???n", ???? ????ng k?? tham gia kh??a phi h??nh gia th??? hai c???a Trung Qu???c. V??o th???i ??i???m anh gia nh???p, kh??a th??? hai ???? c?? 58 kh??a h???c chuy??n ng??nh thu???c t??m h???ng m???c.
Tr???n Trung Th???y v?? V????ng Ki???t, nh???ng ng?????i s??? c??ng Tr???n ????ng tham gia s??? m???nh, l?? th??nh vi??n c???a kh??a phi h??nh gia th??? ba c???a Trung Qu???c. Nh??m n??y, ch??? y???u chu???n b??? cho c??c chuy???n bay trong giai ??o???n v???n h??nh c???a tr???m v?? tr???, bao g???m c??c phi c??ng v?? tr???, k??? s?? bay v?? chuy??n gia t???i tr???ng.
Ch????ng tr??nh ????o t???o phi h??nh gia ng??y nay bao g???m c??c l?? thuy???t c?? b???n nh?? ki???n th???c c?? b???n v??? k??? thu???t kh??ng gian c?? ng?????i l??i v?? y h???c h??ng kh??ng v?? tr???; c??c k??? n??ng v???n h??nh nh?? ki???m so??t t?? th??? t??u v?? tr???, k???t n???i v?? l???p gh??p th??? c??ng; ????o t???o m?? ph???ng c??c quy tr??nh bay th??ng th?????ng v?? kh???n c???p; v?? ????o t???o th??ch nghi v??? th??? ch???t, t??m l?? v?? m??i tr?????ng kh??ng gian trong su???t s??? nghi???p c???a m???t phi h??nh gia.
Qu?? tr??nh leo cao kh??ng bao gi??? d???ng l???i.
Cho ?????n nay, 26 phi h??nh gia Trung Qu???c ???? ???????c ph??ng l??n v?? tr???, ho??n th??nh th??nh c??ng h??n 10 nhi???m v??? c?? ng?????i l??i, 20 ho???t ?????ng ngo??i kh??ng gian v?? 5 b??i gi???ng tr??n kh??ng gian.
C???t c??nh con t??u m?? ?????c
Sa m???c Gobi r???ng l???n tr???i d??i nh?? m???t ???????ng th???ng m???nh m???, t???a nh?? s???i d??y cung tinh x???o.
Th??p ph??ng t???i Trung t??m Ph??ng V??? tinh T???u Tuy???n t??? t??? m??? ra, v?? t??n l???a Tr?????ng Chinh 2 cao kho???ng 58,3 m??t ???? ????a t??u v?? tr??? c?? ng?????i l??i Th???n Ch??u 20 l??n, s???n s??ng ph??ng.
Ng??y 24 th??ng 4, t??n l???a ?????y Tr?????ng Chinh 2F Yao-20 mang theo t??u v?? tr??? c?? ng?????i l??i Th???n Ch??u 20 ???? ???????c ph??ng t??? Trung t??m Ph??ng V??? tinh T???u Tuy???n. T??u v?? tr??? ???? t??ch kh???i t??n l???a th??nh c??ng v?? ??i v??o qu??? ?????o d??? ki???n, ????nh d???u m???t th??nh c??ng tr???n v???n. (???nh: Ph??ng vi??n Li??n Ch???n c???a T??n Hoa X??)
Ng??y 20 th??ng 11 n??m 1999, t??u v?? tr??? th??? nghi???m ?????u ti??n c???a Trung Qu???c, Th???n Ch??u 1, c??ng ???? ???????c ph??ng t??? ?????a ??i???m n??y. Sau 21 gi??? du h??nh v?? tr???, t??u ???? tr??? v??? Tr??i ?????t, t???o n??n m???t b?????c ?????t ph?? l???n trong du h??nh v?? tr??? v?? l?? m???t c???t m???c quan tr???ng trong l???ch s??? kh??ng gian c???a Trung Qu???c.
"Th???n Ch??u", c??i t??n nghe g???n gi???ng v???i "Th???n Ch??u", t?????ng tr??ng cho gi???c m?? du h??nh v?? tr??? c???a Trung Qu???c v?? minh ch???ng cho nh???ng th??nh t???u r???c r??? c???a Trung Qu???c trong l??nh v???c th??m hi???m kh??ng gian: t??? c??c chuy???n bay kh??ng ng?????i l??i ?????n c?? ng?????i l??i, t??? c??c s??? m???nh m???t ng?????i, m???t ng??y ?????n c??c s??? m???nh nhi???u ng??y, t??? c??c th?? nghi???m trong cabin ?????n c??c ho???t ?????ng ngo??i t??u v?? tr???, t??? c??c chuy???n bay m???t t??u v?? tr??? ?????n ho???t ?????ng ???n ?????nh c???a m???t t??? h???p tr???m v?? tr???...
V???i ti???ng g???m r?? rung chuy???n m???t ?????t c???a t??n l???a, Th???n Ch??u 20 ???? v??t l??n b???u tr???i. T???ng c???ng 20 t??u v?? tr??? Th???n Ch??u ???? li??n ti???p bay v??o v?? tr??? trong 26 n??m qua.
??i??u V?? H??a, thu???c T???p ??o??n Khoa h???c v?? C??ng ngh??? H??ng kh??ng V?? tr??? Trung Qu???c, ???? theo d??i t??nh tr???ng c???a t??u v?? tr??? t??? ph??ng ch??? huy v?? ??i???u khi???n. ??ng ???? tham gia ph??t tri???n 12 t??u v?? tr??? Th???n Ch??u v?? am hi???u t???ng chi???c nh?? l??ng b??n tay: Th???n Ch??u 11 h??? tr??? c??c phi h??nh gia l??u tr?? trung v?? d??i h???n tr??n qu??? ?????o; Th???n Ch??u 12 l?? m???t b?????c ?????t ph?? l???n, s??? d???ng c??ng ngh??? k???t n???i v?? gh??p n???i nhanh t??? ?????ng; Th???n Ch??u 13 ?????t ???????c n??m l???n bay nhanh tr??n qu??? ?????o v?? quay tr??? l???i, v?? sau ????, Th???n Ch??u 16 ???? ???????c thay th??? ????ng k??? b???ng c??c linh ki???n s???n xu???t trong n?????c...
"Ch??ng t??i coi t??u v?? tr??? nh?? con ????? c???a m??nh, nu??i d?????ng s??? ph??t tri???n c???a n??. V?? d???, ch??ng t??i n??ng c???p b??? n??o c???a n??, l??m cho h??? th???ng ??i???u khi???n 'n??o tr??i' nh???y b??n h??n v?? h??? th???ng t??nh to??n 'n??o ph???i' th??ng minh h??n. M???t v?? d??? kh??c l?? thi???t k??? l???i h??? th???ng n??ng l?????ng, t??ng kh??? n??ng t???i tr???ng v?? t??ng c?????ng s???c m???nh cho x????ng v?? c?? b???p c???a n??", Diao Weihe cho bi???t.
V??o th??ng 3 n??m nay, Th???n Ch??u 20, ????ng vai tr?? l?? t??u v?? tr??? c???u h??? kh???n c???p cho Th???n Ch??u 19, ???? ???????c ????a ra kh???i ch??? ????? ch???. Vi???c ?????m b???o ch???t l?????ng to??n di???n cho c??c h??? th???ng c???a t??u v?? tr??? ???? ???????c th???c hi???n ????? ?????m b???o ki???m so??t ch???t l?????ng v?? ?????t ???????c m???c ti??u kh??ng c?? l???i, kh??ng c?? sai s??t v?? kh??ng c?? nghi ng??? trong giai ??o???n ph??ng.
M???t l???n n???a, t???t c??? c??c l???c l?????ng h??? tr??? chuy???n bay v??o v?? tr??? c???a Th???n Ch??u ???? h???i t??? v??? v??ng ?????t n??y. L???c l?????ng k???t h???p n??y m???nh m??? v?? b???n b???, nh??ng c??ng n??ng ?????ng v?? s??ng t???o. "H??? th???ng t??n l???a ???? tr???i qua h??n 20 l???n c???i ti???n t???i ??u h??a. V??? ????? tin c???y, ch??? s??? tin c???y t???ng th??? hi???n l?? 0,98 v?? ch??? s??? an to??n l?? 0,997", Chen Muye, m???t k??? s?? t??n l???a sinh n??m 1990, gi???i th??ch.
Nh???ng c???nh t?????ng nh?? b?????c ra t??? phim khoa h???c vi???n t?????ng ??ang tr??? th??nh hi???n th???c t???i Trung t??m Ph??ng V??? tinh T???u Tuy???n: H??? th???ng ch??? huy v?? qu???n l?? th??ng minh cho c??c v??? ph??ng v?? tr??? s??? l???n ?????u ti??n ???????c ??p d???ng cho m???t s??? m???nh kh??ng gian c?? ng?????i l??i. V??? ph??ng Th???n Ch??u 20 c??ng s??? c?? h??? th???ng ?????ng h??nh bay k??? thu???t s??? c???a t??n l???a, cho ph??p tr???c quan h??a c??c quy tr??nh ch??nh v?? m?? ph???ng ch??nh x??c c??c ??i???u ki???n bay.
H??? th???ng ??o l?????ng v?? ??i???u khi???n gi??p "m???t th???n" quan s??t chuy???n bay v??t cao c???a t??n l???a Th???n Ch??u s???c b??n h??n. ?????i ng?? nh??n vi??n th??ng tin li??n l???c, v???i ???????ng d??y li??n l???c r???ng kh???p, ???? thu h???p kho???ng c??ch gi???a tr???i v?? ?????t. Ch??nh quy???n ?????a ph????ng v?? ng?????i ch??n nu??i c??ng ???? tham gia v??o c??c ho???t ?????ng tu???n tra v?? b???o v??? chung c???a s??? m???nh Th???n Ch??u. S??? ch?? ?? c???a c??? n?????c m???t l???n n???a ????? d???n v??o Trung t??m Ph??ng V??? tinh T???u Tuy???n...
Th???n Ch??u h??? tr??? Th???n Ch??u, v?? Th???n Ch??u ?????n ????p Th???n Ch??u.
Th????ng Ho??i H??ng, m???t chuy??n gia h??? th???ng ???ng d???ng kh??ng gian, ???? h??i h?????c gi???i thi???u c??c th?? nghi???m khoa h???c kh??ng gian (th??? nghi???m) tr??n t??u Th???n Ch??u 20.
C?? ng???a v???n, tuy nh??? b??, nh??ng l?? ?????ng v???t c?? x????ng s???ng gi???ng nh?? con ng?????i. L???n n??y, m???c ti??u l?? gi???i quy???t nh???ng th??ch th???c c???n tr??? s??? s???ng c??n l??u d??i c???a con ng?????i trong kh??ng gian.
Tr???m v?? tr??? s??? ch??o ????n lo??i s??n d???p "linh h???n m???i", m???t tri???n v???ng th?? v??? h??n. Nh???ng ph??t hi???n nghi??n c???u c?? th??? gi??p con ng?????i v?????t qua qu?? tr??nh l??o h??a t??? b??o v?? l??m ch???m qu?? tr??nh l??o h??a.
Vi???c kh??m ph?? kh??? n??ng "m??? r???ng l??nh th???" c???a x??? khu???n Streptomyces s??? cung c???p ?????nh h?????ng l?? thuy???t quan tr???ng cho vi???c ph??t tri???n c??c h??? sinh th??i ngo??i Tr??i ?????t, ch???ng h???n nh?? tr??n Sao H???a.
"Ch??ng ta trong kh??ng gian l?? b??n tay, ????i m???t v?? b??? n??o c???a c??c nh?? nghi??n c???u tr??n Tr??i ?????t", Tr???n ????ng n??i trong m???t cu???c ph???ng v???n v???i T??n Hoa X?? tr?????c khi ph??ng v??o kh??ng gian. "K???t qu??? nghi??n c???u c???a tr???m v?? tr??? ch???c ch???n s??? mang l???i l???i ??ch cho con ng?????i."
Ng??y 24 th??ng 4, t??n l???a ?????y Tr?????ng Chinh 2F Yao-20 mang theo t??u v?? tr??? c?? ng?????i l??i Th???n Ch??u 20 ???? ???????c ph??ng t??? Trung t??m Ph??ng V??? tinh T???u Tuy???n. T??u v?? tr??? ???? t??ch kh???i t??n l???a th??nh c??ng v?? ??i v??o qu??? ?????o d??? ki???n, ????nh d???u s??? th??nh c??ng tr???n v???n c???a v??? ph??ng. ???nh: Ph??ng vi??n T??n Hoa X?? Bei He
X??y d???ng m???t T?????ng ????i V??nh c???u
C?? d??n m???ng theo d??i ch????ng tr??nh kh??ng gian c???a Trung Qu???c ???? ph??t hi???n ra m???t s??? chi ti???t th?? v???.
V?? d???, nh???ng chi???c gh??? x???p m??u ????? m?? c??c phi h??nh gia ng???i trong khi ch??? v??o khoang ph??ng ??? t???ng 9 c???a th??p ph??ng v???n mang phong c??ch c??? ??i???n c???a nh???ng n??m 1970; khoang tr??? v??? c???a t??u v?? tr??? Th???n Ch??u lu??n ???????c trang tr?? b???ng m???t b??ng hoa ????? l???n khi ???????c k??o tr??? l???i Th??nh ph??? V?? tr??? B???c Kinh; v?? kh???u hi???u ???????c in tr??n t?????ng c???a tr???m ch??? huy ng???m b??n c???nh th??p ph??ng v??? tinh "????ng Ph????ng H???ng-1" v???n ???????c treo trong s???nh ch??? huy c???a Trung t??m Ph??ng V??? tinh T???u Tuy???n: Ch??ng ta ph???i b???t k???p v?? v?????t qua tr??nh ????? ti??n ti???n c???a th??? gi???i trong t????ng lai g???n.
Kh??t v???ng ban ?????u ki??n ?????nh ???n ch???a trong nh???ng chi ti???t nh?? th??? n??y.
N??m ng??y tr?????c khi ph??ng t??u Th???n Ch??u 20, ph??ng kh?? t?????ng c???a trung t??m ???? ban h??nh c???nh b??o xanh v??? gi?? m???nh v?? b???i trong ng??y h??m sau, v???i s???c gi?? m???nh nh???t t??? c???p 5 ?????n c???p 6, gi???t c???p 7, c??t bay v?? kh??? n??ng x???y ra b??o c??t ng???n h???n.
L??c n??y, t??? h???p t??u v?? tr??? v?? t??n l???a ???? ???????c v???n chuy???n ?????n khu v???c ph??ng. N???u gi?? m???nh th???i bay ngay c??? nh???ng h???t c??t nh??? b?? v??o m???t t??u v?? tr??? m???ng manh, h???u qu??? c?? th??? r???t th???m kh???c.
Trung t??m Ph??ng T??? Tuy???n ???? ph??t ?????ng m???t "chi???n d???ch ph??ng ch???ng b??o c??t ba chi???u". H??? ???? s??? d???ng h??? th???ng ??i???u h??a kh??ng kh?? ????? t???o ra m???t "m??y l???c kh??ng kh??", thay th??? ho??n to??n c??c b??? l???c trong c??c thi???t b??? ??i???u h??a kh??ng kh?? c???a th??p ph??ng b???ng c??c b??? l???c m???i, m???t ????? cao. Kh??ng c?? c??ch n??o d??? d??ng ????? x??? l?? c??c l??? h???ng v?? khe h??? tr??n th??p. C??c k??? thu???t vi??n, ???????c treo tr??n d??y an to??n, ???? li??n t???c ki???m tra ch??ng t??? tr??n xu???ng d?????i v?? t??? d?????i l??n tr??n, l???p ?????y ch??ng b???ng b??n v?? v???t li???u x???p ch???ng ch??y n??? v?? n??n ch???t.
K??? thu???t vi??n V????ng T??? Binh cho bi???t h??? ???? l??m vi???c li??n t???c trong 15 gi???, b???t k??n h??n 200 l??? h???ng.
C???nh t?????ng n??y nghe quen quen.
Cu???i th??ng 12 n??m 2002, t??u v?? tr??? Th???n Ch??u IV ???? g???p ph???i m???t ?????t r??t hi???m g???p tr?????c khi ph??ng. Nhi???t ????? th???p trong qu?? tr??nh ph??ng ???? ?????t ra m???t th??ch th???c nghi??m tr???ng ?????i v???i s??? an to??n c???a t??n l???a, v?? ?????a ??i???m ph??ng ???? t???m th???i th??nh l???p m???t "?????i C???u h??? L???nh cho T??n l???a v?? T??u v?? tr???". ????? gi??? ???m cho t??n l???a, h??? ???? s??? d???ng nhi???u ph????ng ph??p kh??c nhau, bao g???m ??i???u h??a kh??ng kh?? c??ng su???t l???n v?? che c??c l??? r?? kh?? tr??n th??p ph??ng b???ng h??n 200 t???m ch??n.
Ph????ng ph??p n??y tuy th?? s?? nh??ng hi???u qu???. T???ng l??? th???ng ???????c b???t k??n, t???ng t???m ch??n ???????c s??? d???ng ????? b???t k??n c??c l??? r??.
"C???c k??? ch???u ?????ng gian kh???, c???c k??? chi???n ?????u, c???c k??? gi???i quy???t c??c v???n ????? then ch???t, c???c k??? hy sinh." K??? t??? khi ch????ng tr??nh kh??ng gian c?? ng?????i l??i c???a Trung Qu???c ???????c tri???n khai v??o n??m 1992, ch??nh v???i tinh th???n n??y, Trung Qu???c ???? v????n l??n t??? ????i ngh??o v?? l???c h???u.
T??? Vi???n Nh??n, m???t ng?????i ????n ??ng t??m m????i tu???i, l?? th??nh vi??n c???a Vi???n H??n l??m K??? thu???t Trung Qu???c v?? l?? nh?? thi???t k??? ch??nh ?????u ti??n c???a t??u v?? tr??? Th???n Ch??u, v???n lu??n quan t??m s??u s???c ?????n vi???c thi???t k??? v?? ph??t tri???n t???ng t??u v?? tr??? Th???n Ch??u. "B???t c??? ??i???u g?? ?????t n?????c c???n ch??ng ta l??m, ch??ng ta s??? l??m."
C??u n??i n??y th??? hi???n r?? c??u chuy???n cu???c ?????i ??ng v?? ph???n ??nh t??nh c???m c???a th??? h??? c??c nh?? khoa h???c ??i tr?????c, bao g???m c??? ??ng.
Phi h??nh gia Tr??c Ch?? C????ng ??ang th???c hi???n chuy???n ??i b??? ngo??i kh??ng gian ?????u ti??n c???a Trung Qu???c th?? b???ng ??i???u khi???n ?????t nhi??n b??o ch??y ??? m??-??un qu??? ?????o. "D?? kh??ng th??? tr??? v???, ch??ng ta v???n ph???i ????? l?? c??? Trung Qu???c tung bay gi???a kh??ng gian bao la," Tr??c Ch?? C????ng ki??n quy???t r???i kh???i t??u v?? tr???.
L???i ??ch c???a t??? qu???c l?? tr??n h???t, m???t l???a ch???n chung c???a t???t c??? c??c phi h??nh gia Trung Qu???c.
L?? nh???ng ng?????i v???n h??nh t??u v?? tr???, Tri???u H???ng B??n v?? c??c ?????ng nghi???p ph???i th??nh th???o c??c k??? n??ng nhanh nh???n, ch??nh x??c v?? ki??n quy???t ????? v???n chuy???n t??u v?? tr??? m???t c??ch tr??n tru. V???i 27 n??m c???ng hi???n cho ng??nh c??ng nghi???p v?? tr???, Tri???u H???ng B??n lu??n t??m ni???m m???t nguy??n t???c: "T??u v?? tr??? kh??ng ???????c g???p b???t k??? v???n ????? n??o."
Ng??nh c??ng nghi???p v?? tr??? ????ng vai tr?? then ch???t ?????i v???i v???n m???nh c???a qu???c gia v?? d??n t???c; ????y ch??nh l?? ni???m tin c???a nh???ng ng?????i ??? tuy???n ?????u c???a d??? ??n.
??nh s??ng tinh th???n soi s??ng v?? tr???. Tinh th???n du h??nh v?? tr??? c?? ng?????i l??i, in s??u trong m???i phi h??nh gia v?? ???????c truy???n t??? th??? h??? n??y sang th??? h??? kh??c, ???? tr??? th??nh m???t di t??ch v??nh c???u.
"????ng Ph????ng H???ng, m???t tr???i m???c..."
Ng??y 24 th??ng 4 n??m 1970, m???t giai ??i???u du d????ng vang v???ng t??? kh??ng gian, v?? v??? tinh "????ng Ph????ng H???ng-1" ???? b??o hi???u s??? kh???i ?????u c???a h??nh tr??nh kh??m ph?? v?? tr??? bao la c???a Trung Qu???c.
H??m nay, 55 n??m sau, phi h??nh ??o??n Th???n Ch??u-20 m???t l???n n???a kh??m ph?? b???u tr???i, ti???p t???c h??nh tr??nh x??y d???ng m???t qu???c gia h??ng m???nh v??? h??ng kh??ng v?? tr??? v?? khoa h???c c??ng ngh???.
????? Ho??ng theo T??n hoa x??
T??N HOA X?? | M??a xu??n Trung Qu???c v??? n??n m???t b???c tranh m???i, b???n r???n ????n gi?? ????ng ph??ng Th???n Ch??u ??? Nh??n d???p ph??ng th??nh c??ng t??u v?? tr??? c?? ng?????i l??i Th???n Ch??u-20
T??n Hoa X??/, T???u Tuy???n, ng??y 24 th??ng 4, Ti??u ?????: M??a xu??n Trung Qu???c v??? n??n m???t b???c tranh m???i, b???n r???n ????n gi?? ????ng ph??ng Th???n Ch??u ??? Nh??n d???p ph??ng th??nh c??ng t??u v?? tr??? c?? ng?????i l??i Th???n Ch??u-20
Ph??ng vi??n T??n Hoa X??: L?? Qu???c L???p, L??u Ngh??? v?? Ho??ng D???t Th???n
Ng??y 24 th??ng 4 n??m 2025, m???t trang m???i trong l???ch s??? kh??ng gian c???a Trung Qu???c ???? m??? ra.
L??c 17:17, t??n l???a ?????y Tr?????ng Chinh 2F Yao-20 mang theo t??u v?? tr??? c?? ng?????i l??i Th???n Ch??u-20 ???? ???????c kh???i ?????ng v?? c???t c??nh t??? Trung t??m Ph??ng V??? tinh T???u Tuy???n. Kho???ng 10 ph??t sau, ba phi h??nh gia Tr???n ????ng, Tr???n Trung Th???y v?? V????ng Ki???t ???? bay v??o v?? tr???, ????nh d???u m???t th??nh c??ng tr???n v???n.
Ng??y 24 th??ng 4, t??n l???a ?????y Tr?????ng Chinh 2F Yao-20 mang theo t??u v?? tr??? c?? ng?????i l??i Th???n Ch??u-20 ???? ???????c ph??ng t??? Trung t??m Ph??ng V??? tinh T???u Tuy???n. T??u v?? tr??? ???? t??ch kh???i t??n l???a th??nh c??ng v?? ??i v??o qu??? ?????o d??? ki???n. Hi???n t???i, phi h??nh ??o??n ??ang trong t??nh tr???ng s???c kh???e t???t, v?? v??? ph??ng ???? th??nh c??ng t???t ?????p. T??n Hoa X?? (???nh: H??n K??? D????ng)
Gi??? ph??t n??y, ?????t n?????c Trung Qu???c xanh t????i, chim h??t l??u lo, v???n v???t h??a ca. S??u th???m trong sa m???c Gobi, t???i Th??nh ph??? H??ng kh??ng V?? tr??? ????ng Phong, nh???ng r???ng li???u c??ng t????i m??t v?? tr??n ?????y n???ng, th???p l??n nh???ng hy v???ng m???i.
M??a xu??n Trung Qu???c v??? n??n m???t b???c tranh m???i, v?? t??u v?? tr??? Th???n Ch??u ???????c ph??ng l??n trong gi?? ????ng.
L???n n??y, t??u v?? tr??? Th???n Ch??u ???? bay l??n b???u tr???i l???n th??? 20.
Ng??y n??y ????nh d???u k??? ni???m 55 n??m ng??y ph??ng th??nh c??ng v??? tinh nh??n t???o Tr??i ?????t ?????u ti??n c???a Trung Qu???c, ????ng Ph????ng H???ng-1, v?? l?? "Ng??y V?? tr??? Trung Qu???c" l???n th??? 10.
H??nh tr??nh n??y l?? m???t h??nh tr??nh d??i ?????i v???i ng?????i d??n Trung Qu???c, t??m ki???m b???u tr???i v?? v????n t???i nh???ng v?? sao.
Con ???????ng ph???ng s??? T??? qu???c
????y l?? l???n th??? ba Tr???n ????ng b?????c tr??n con ???????ng ph???ng s??? T??? qu???c tr?????c V??n Thi??n C??c.
T??? vai tr?? phi h??nh gia trong phi h??nh ??o??n Th???n Ch??u-11, ?????n s?? quan ch??? huy phi h??nh ??o??n Th???n Ch??u-14, v?? cu???i c??ng l?? ch??? huy phi h??nh ??o??n Th???n Ch??u-20, ng?????i ????n ??ng 47 tu???i n??y ???? d??nh 15 n??m ????? l??m hai vi???c: bay v??o v?? tr??? v?? chu???n b??? cho chuy???n bay v?? tr???.
Nh???ng ng?????i ti???n ??ng l??n ???????ng ?????u nh???n th???y t??c ??ng b???c nhi???u h??n m???t ch??t so v???i chuy???n bay v?? tr??? ?????u ti??n v??o n??m 2016.
Ng??y 24 th??ng 4, l??? kh???i h??nh c???a c??c phi h??nh gia cho s??? m???nh kh??ng gian c?? ng?????i l??i Th???n Ch??u-20 ???? ???????c t??? ch???c t???i Qu???ng tr?????ng V?????n M???ng thu???c V??n Thi??n C??c, thu???c Trung t??m Ph??ng V??? tinh T???u Tuy???n. C??c phi h??nh gia Tr???n ????ng (ph???i), Tr???n Trung Th???y (gi???a) v?? V????ng Ki???t ???? c?? m???t t???i l??? kh???i h??nh. ???nh: Ph??ng vi??n Li??n Ch???n c???a T??n Hoa X??.
"Th??a ?????ng ch?? T???ng t?? l???nh, ch??ng t??i ???????c l???nh th???c hi???n s??? m???nh kh??ng gian c?? ng?????i l??i Th???n Ch??u 20. C??ng t??c chu???n b??? ???? ho??n t???t. Xin ?????ng ch?? h??y ra l???nh! Phi h??nh gia Tr???n ????ng thu???c Qu??n ??o??n Phi h??nh gia Qu??n Gi???i ph??ng Nh??n d??n Trung Qu???c."
"Phi h??nh gia Tr???n Trung Th???y." "Phi h??nh gia V????ng Ki???t."
"Kh???i h??nh!"
????y l?? l???n th??? 15 c??c phi h??nh gia Trung Qu???c kh???i h??nh v??? n?????c. K??? t??? khi D????ng L???p V?? ph??ng l??n t??? ch??nh ?????a ??i???m n??y v??o n??m 2003, t???t c??? h??? ?????u nh???n ???????c c??ng m???t m???nh l???nh.
Kh???i h??nh???????y l?? ti???ng g???i quen thu???c nh???t ?????i v???i c??c phi h??nh gia Trung Qu???c. D?? con ???????ng l??n v?? tr??? c?? gian nan ?????n ????u, t???c ????? kh??m ph?? c???a h??? v???n kh??ng bao gi??? ng???ng l???i.
T??? Th???n Ch??u 1 ?????n Th???n Ch??u 20, ai c??ng ch???ng ki???n nh???ng chuy???n bay ngo???n m???c n???i ti???p nhau, nh??ng ??t ai nh???n ra s??? c???ng hi???n c???a c??c phi h??nh gia.
Ng??y 15 th??ng 10 n??m 2003, D????ng L???p V?? l??n t??u Th???n Ch??u V, b???t ?????u chuy???n du h??nh v?? tr??? ?????u ti??n c???a Trung Qu???c. Khi t??n l???a t??ng t???c, ban ?????u ??ng c???m th???y r???t vui. Ch???ng m???y ch???c, t??n l???a b???t ?????u rung l???c d??? d???i, t???o ra ti???ng vang.
??au ?????n v?? nh???ng c??n ??au qu???n th???t trong n???i t???ng, D????ng L???p V?? ?????t nhi??n c???m th???y m??nh s???p ch???t. May m???n thay, c???m gi??c ???? nhanh ch??ng qua ??i. Ch???ng m???y ch???c, gi???ng n??i ti???ng Trung ?????u ti??n vang l??n t??? kh??ng gian: D????ng L???p V?? b??o c??o: "Chuy???n bay b??nh th?????ng."
Du h??nh v?? tr??? l?? m???t n??? l???c c???c k??? m???o hi???m.
L??u D????ng, n??? phi h??nh gia ?????u ti??n c???a Trung Qu???c, ???? m?? t??? c???m x??c c???a m??nh tr?????c chuy???n bay v?? tr??? ?????u ti??n: "T??i ??i ????? l??m g??? B?????c l??n b???u tr???i ph????ng Nam, ph?? v??? b???u tr???i. N???u t??i kh??ng bao gi??? tr??? v???, th?? t??i s??? kh??ng bao gi??? tr??? v???."
"L???i ??ch c???a t??? qu???c l?? tr??n h???t!" M???c d?? bi???t tr?????c nh???ng nguy hi???m, c??c phi h??nh gia Trung Qu???c v???n ti???n l??n ph??a tr?????c.
Vi???c tuy???n ch???n v?? ????o t???o phi h??nh gia l?? m???t d???u hi???u quan tr???ng cho th???y m???t qu???c gia c?? th??? t??? ch??? th???c hi???n c??c chuy???n bay v?? tr??? c?? ng?????i l??i. Nh??? nh???ng n??? l???c chung c???a nhi???u th??? h??? phi h??nh gia, Trung Qu???c ???? t??? t???o ra con ???????ng ????o t???o phi h??nh gia c???a ri??ng m??nh.
Vi???c tuy???n ch???n v?? ????o t???o l???a phi h??nh gia ?????u ti??n kh??ng c?? kinh nghi???m tr?????c ???? ????? h???c h???i, v?? v???y m???i th??? ?????u ???????c h???c t??? ?????u. Ti??u chu???n ph???i nghi??m ng???t v?? ?????y th??? th??ch, h?????ng ?????n nh???ng ti??u chu???n cao nh???t c?? th???. Cu???i c??ng, ch??? c?? 14 trong s??? h??n 1.500 phi c??ng xu???t s???c c???a Kh??ng qu??n ???????c ch???n.
N??m 2009, Tr???n ????ng, v???i kh??t v???ng "bay v?????t ra ngo??i b???u kh?? quy???n", ???? ????ng k?? tham gia kh??a phi h??nh gia th??? hai c???a Trung Qu???c. V??o th???i ??i???m anh gia nh???p, kh??a th??? hai ???? c?? 58 kh??a h???c chuy??n ng??nh thu???c t??m h???ng m???c.
Tr???n Trung Th???y v?? V????ng Ki???t, nh???ng ng?????i s??? c??ng Tr???n ????ng tham gia s??? m???nh, l?? th??nh vi??n c???a kh??a phi h??nh gia th??? ba c???a Trung Qu???c. Nh??m n??y, ch??? y???u chu???n b??? cho c??c chuy???n bay trong giai ??o???n v???n h??nh c???a tr???m v?? tr???, bao g???m c??c phi c??ng v?? tr???, k??? s?? bay v?? chuy??n gia t???i tr???ng.
Ch????ng tr??nh ????o t???o phi h??nh gia ng??y nay bao g???m c??c l?? thuy???t c?? b???n nh?? ki???n th???c c?? b???n v??? k??? thu???t kh??ng gian c?? ng?????i l??i v?? y h???c h??ng kh??ng v?? tr???; c??c k??? n??ng v???n h??nh nh?? ki???m so??t t?? th??? t??u v?? tr???, k???t n???i v?? l???p gh??p th??? c??ng; ????o t???o m?? ph???ng c??c quy tr??nh bay th??ng th?????ng v?? kh???n c???p; v?? ????o t???o th??ch nghi v??? th??? ch???t, t??m l?? v?? m??i tr?????ng kh??ng gian trong su???t s??? nghi???p c???a m???t phi h??nh gia.
Qu?? tr??nh leo cao kh??ng bao gi??? d???ng l???i.
Cho ?????n nay, 26 phi h??nh gia Trung Qu???c ???? ???????c ph??ng l??n v?? tr???, ho??n th??nh th??nh c??ng h??n 10 nhi???m v??? c?? ng?????i l??i, 20 ho???t ?????ng ngo??i kh??ng gian v?? 5 b??i gi???ng tr??n kh??ng gian.
C???t c??nh con t??u m?? ?????c
Sa m???c Gobi r???ng l???n tr???i d??i nh?? m???t ???????ng th???ng m???nh m???, t???a nh?? s???i d??y cung tinh x???o.
Th??p ph??ng t???i Trung t??m Ph??ng V??? tinh T???u Tuy???n t??? t??? m??? ra, v?? t??n l???a Tr?????ng Chinh 2 cao kho???ng 58,3 m??t ???? ????a t??u v?? tr??? c?? ng?????i l??i Th???n Ch??u 20 l??n, s???n s??ng ph??ng.
Ng??y 24 th??ng 4, t??n l???a ?????y Tr?????ng Chinh 2F Yao-20 mang theo t??u v?? tr??? c?? ng?????i l??i Th???n Ch??u 20 ???? ???????c ph??ng t??? Trung t??m Ph??ng V??? tinh T???u Tuy???n. T??u v?? tr??? ???? t??ch kh???i t??n l???a th??nh c??ng v?? ??i v??o qu??? ?????o d??? ki???n, ????nh d???u m???t th??nh c??ng tr???n v???n. (???nh: Ph??ng vi??n Li??n Ch???n c???a T??n Hoa X??)
Ng??y 20 th??ng 11 n??m 1999, t??u v?? tr??? th??? nghi???m ?????u ti??n c???a Trung Qu???c, Th???n Ch??u 1, c??ng ???? ???????c ph??ng t??? ?????a ??i???m n??y. Sau 21 gi??? du h??nh v?? tr???, t??u ???? tr??? v??? Tr??i ?????t, t???o n??n m???t b?????c ?????t ph?? l???n trong du h??nh v?? tr??? v?? l?? m???t c???t m???c quan tr???ng trong l???ch s??? kh??ng gian c???a Trung Qu???c.
"Th???n Ch??u", c??i t??n nghe g???n gi???ng v???i "Th???n Ch??u", t?????ng tr??ng cho gi???c m?? du h??nh v?? tr??? c???a Trung Qu???c v?? minh ch???ng cho nh???ng th??nh t???u r???c r??? c???a Trung Qu???c trong l??nh v???c th??m hi???m kh??ng gian: t??? c??c chuy???n bay kh??ng ng?????i l??i ?????n c?? ng?????i l??i, t??? c??c s??? m???nh m???t ng?????i, m???t ng??y ?????n c??c s??? m???nh nhi???u ng??y, t??? c??c th?? nghi???m trong cabin ?????n c??c ho???t ?????ng ngo??i t??u v?? tr???, t??? c??c chuy???n bay m???t t??u v?? tr??? ?????n ho???t ?????ng ???n ?????nh c???a m???t t??? h???p tr???m v?? tr???...
V???i ti???ng g???m r?? rung chuy???n m???t ?????t c???a t??n l???a, Th???n Ch??u 20 ???? v??t l??n b???u tr???i. T???ng c???ng 20 t??u v?? tr??? Th???n Ch??u ???? li??n ti???p bay v??o v?? tr??? trong 26 n??m qua.
??i??u V?? H??a, thu???c T???p ??o??n Khoa h???c v?? C??ng ngh??? H??ng kh??ng V?? tr??? Trung Qu???c, ???? theo d??i t??nh tr???ng c???a t??u v?? tr??? t??? ph??ng ch??? huy v?? ??i???u khi???n. ??ng ???? tham gia ph??t tri???n 12 t??u v?? tr??? Th???n Ch??u v?? am hi???u t???ng chi???c nh?? l??ng b??n tay: Th???n Ch??u 11 h??? tr??? c??c phi h??nh gia l??u tr?? trung v?? d??i h???n tr??n qu??? ?????o; Th???n Ch??u 12 l?? m???t b?????c ?????t ph?? l???n, s??? d???ng c??ng ngh??? k???t n???i v?? gh??p n???i nhanh t??? ?????ng; Th???n Ch??u 13 ?????t ???????c n??m l???n bay nhanh tr??n qu??? ?????o v?? quay tr??? l???i, v?? sau ????, Th???n Ch??u 16 ???? ???????c thay th??? ????ng k??? b???ng c??c linh ki???n s???n xu???t trong n?????c...
"Ch??ng t??i coi t??u v?? tr??? nh?? con ????? c???a m??nh, nu??i d?????ng s??? ph??t tri???n c???a n??. V?? d???, ch??ng t??i n??ng c???p b??? n??o c???a n??, l??m cho h??? th???ng ??i???u khi???n 'n??o tr??i' nh???y b??n h??n v?? h??? th???ng t??nh to??n 'n??o ph???i' th??ng minh h??n. M???t v?? d??? kh??c l?? thi???t k??? l???i h??? th???ng n??ng l?????ng, t??ng kh??? n??ng t???i tr???ng v?? t??ng c?????ng s???c m???nh cho x????ng v?? c?? b???p c???a n??", Diao Weihe cho bi???t.
V??o th??ng 3 n??m nay, Th???n Ch??u 20, ????ng vai tr?? l?? t??u v?? tr??? c???u h??? kh???n c???p cho Th???n Ch??u 19, ???? ???????c ????a ra kh???i ch??? ????? ch???. Vi???c ?????m b???o ch???t l?????ng to??n di???n cho c??c h??? th???ng c???a t??u v?? tr??? ???? ???????c th???c hi???n ????? ?????m b???o ki???m so??t ch???t l?????ng v?? ?????t ???????c m???c ti??u kh??ng c?? l???i, kh??ng c?? sai s??t v?? kh??ng c?? nghi ng??? trong giai ??o???n ph??ng.
M???t l???n n???a, t???t c??? c??c l???c l?????ng h??? tr??? chuy???n bay v??o v?? tr??? c???a Th???n Ch??u ???? h???i t??? v??? v??ng ?????t n??y. L???c l?????ng k???t h???p n??y m???nh m??? v?? b???n b???, nh??ng c??ng n??ng ?????ng v?? s??ng t???o. "H??? th???ng t??n l???a ???? tr???i qua h??n 20 l???n c???i ti???n t???i ??u h??a. V??? ????? tin c???y, ch??? s??? tin c???y t???ng th??? hi???n l?? 0,98 v?? ch??? s??? an to??n l?? 0,997", Chen Muye, m???t k??? s?? t??n l???a sinh n??m 1990, gi???i th??ch.
Nh???ng c???nh t?????ng nh?? b?????c ra t??? phim khoa h???c vi???n t?????ng ??ang tr??? th??nh hi???n th???c t???i Trung t??m Ph??ng V??? tinh T???u Tuy???n: H??? th???ng ch??? huy v?? qu???n l?? th??ng minh cho c??c v??? ph??ng v?? tr??? s??? l???n ?????u ti??n ???????c ??p d???ng cho m???t s??? m???nh kh??ng gian c?? ng?????i l??i. V??? ph??ng Th???n Ch??u 20 c??ng s??? c?? h??? th???ng ?????ng h??nh bay k??? thu???t s??? c???a t??n l???a, cho ph??p tr???c quan h??a c??c quy tr??nh ch??nh v?? m?? ph???ng ch??nh x??c c??c ??i???u ki???n bay.
H??? th???ng ??o l?????ng v?? ??i???u khi???n gi??p "m???t th???n" quan s??t chuy???n bay v??t cao c???a t??n l???a Th???n Ch??u s???c b??n h??n. ?????i ng?? nh??n vi??n th??ng tin li??n l???c, v???i ???????ng d??y li??n l???c r???ng kh???p, ???? thu h???p kho???ng c??ch gi???a tr???i v?? ?????t. Ch??nh quy???n ?????a ph????ng v?? ng?????i ch??n nu??i c??ng ???? tham gia v??o c??c ho???t ?????ng tu???n tra v?? b???o v??? chung c???a s??? m???nh Th???n Ch??u. S??? ch?? ?? c???a c??? n?????c m???t l???n n???a ????? d???n v??o Trung t??m Ph??ng V??? tinh T???u Tuy???n...
Th???n Ch??u h??? tr??? Th???n Ch??u, v?? Th???n Ch??u ?????n ????p Th???n Ch??u.
Th????ng Ho??i H??ng, m???t chuy??n gia h??? th???ng ???ng d???ng kh??ng gian, ???? h??i h?????c gi???i thi???u c??c th?? nghi???m khoa h???c kh??ng gian (th??? nghi???m) tr??n t??u Th???n Ch??u 20.
C?? ng???a v???n, tuy nh??? b??, nh??ng l?? ?????ng v???t c?? x????ng s???ng gi???ng nh?? con ng?????i. L???n n??y, m???c ti??u l?? gi???i quy???t nh???ng th??ch th???c c???n tr??? s??? s???ng c??n l??u d??i c???a con ng?????i trong kh??ng gian.
Tr???m v?? tr??? s??? ch??o ????n lo??i s??n d???p "linh h???n m???i", m???t tri???n v???ng th?? v??? h??n. Nh???ng ph??t hi???n nghi??n c???u c?? th??? gi??p con ng?????i v?????t qua qu?? tr??nh l??o h??a t??? b??o v?? l??m ch???m qu?? tr??nh l??o h??a.
Vi???c kh??m ph?? kh??? n??ng "m??? r???ng l??nh th???" c???a x??? khu???n Streptomyces s??? cung c???p ?????nh h?????ng l?? thuy???t quan tr???ng cho vi???c ph??t tri???n c??c h??? sinh th??i ngo??i Tr??i ?????t, ch???ng h???n nh?? tr??n Sao H???a.
"Ch??ng ta trong kh??ng gian l?? b??n tay, ????i m???t v?? b??? n??o c???a c??c nh?? nghi??n c???u tr??n Tr??i ?????t", Tr???n ????ng n??i trong m???t cu???c ph???ng v???n v???i T??n Hoa X?? tr?????c khi ph??ng v??o kh??ng gian. "K???t qu??? nghi??n c???u c???a tr???m v?? tr??? ch???c ch???n s??? mang l???i l???i ??ch cho con ng?????i."
Ng??y 24 th??ng 4, t??n l???a ?????y Tr?????ng Chinh 2F Yao-20 mang theo t??u v?? tr??? c?? ng?????i l??i Th???n Ch??u 20 ???? ???????c ph??ng t??? Trung t??m Ph??ng V??? tinh T???u Tuy???n. T??u v?? tr??? ???? t??ch kh???i t??n l???a th??nh c??ng v?? ??i v??o qu??? ?????o d??? ki???n, ????nh d???u s??? th??nh c??ng tr???n v???n c???a v??? ph??ng. ???nh: Ph??ng vi??n T??n Hoa X?? Bei He
X??y d???ng m???t T?????ng ????i V??nh c???u
C?? d??n m???ng theo d??i ch????ng tr??nh kh??ng gian c???a Trung Qu???c ???? ph??t hi???n ra m???t s??? chi ti???t th?? v???.
V?? d???, nh???ng chi???c gh??? x???p m??u ????? m?? c??c phi h??nh gia ng???i trong khi ch??? v??o khoang ph??ng ??? t???ng 9 c???a th??p ph??ng v???n mang phong c??ch c??? ??i???n c???a nh???ng n??m 1970; khoang tr??? v??? c???a t??u v?? tr??? Th???n Ch??u lu??n ???????c trang tr?? b???ng m???t b??ng hoa ????? l???n khi ???????c k??o tr??? l???i Th??nh ph??? V?? tr??? B???c Kinh; v?? kh???u hi???u ???????c in tr??n t?????ng c???a tr???m ch??? huy ng???m b??n c???nh th??p ph??ng v??? tinh "????ng Ph????ng H???ng-1" v???n ???????c treo trong s???nh ch??? huy c???a Trung t??m Ph??ng V??? tinh T???u Tuy???n: Ch??ng ta ph???i b???t k???p v?? v?????t qua tr??nh ????? ti??n ti???n c???a th??? gi???i trong t????ng lai g???n.
Kh??t v???ng ban ?????u ki??n ?????nh ???n ch???a trong nh???ng chi ti???t nh?? th??? n??y.
N??m ng??y tr?????c khi ph??ng t??u Th???n Ch??u 20, ph??ng kh?? t?????ng c???a trung t??m ???? ban h??nh c???nh b??o xanh v??? gi?? m???nh v?? b???i trong ng??y h??m sau, v???i s???c gi?? m???nh nh???t t??? c???p 5 ?????n c???p 6, gi???t c???p 7, c??t bay v?? kh??? n??ng x???y ra b??o c??t ng???n h???n.
L??c n??y, t??? h???p t??u v?? tr??? v?? t??n l???a ???? ???????c v???n chuy???n ?????n khu v???c ph??ng. N???u gi?? m???nh th???i bay ngay c??? nh???ng h???t c??t nh??? b?? v??o m???t t??u v?? tr??? m???ng manh, h???u qu??? c?? th??? r???t th???m kh???c.
Trung t??m Ph??ng T??? Tuy???n ???? ph??t ?????ng m???t "chi???n d???ch ph??ng ch???ng b??o c??t ba chi???u". H??? ???? s??? d???ng h??? th???ng ??i???u h??a kh??ng kh?? ????? t???o ra m???t "m??y l???c kh??ng kh??", thay th??? ho??n to??n c??c b??? l???c trong c??c thi???t b??? ??i???u h??a kh??ng kh?? c???a th??p ph??ng b???ng c??c b??? l???c m???i, m???t ????? cao. Kh??ng c?? c??ch n??o d??? d??ng ????? x??? l?? c??c l??? h???ng v?? khe h??? tr??n th??p. C??c k??? thu???t vi??n, ???????c treo tr??n d??y an to??n, ???? li??n t???c ki???m tra ch??ng t??? tr??n xu???ng d?????i v?? t??? d?????i l??n tr??n, l???p ?????y ch??ng b???ng b??n v?? v???t li???u x???p ch???ng ch??y n??? v?? n??n ch???t.
K??? thu???t vi??n V????ng T??? Binh cho bi???t h??? ???? l??m vi???c li??n t???c trong 15 gi???, b???t k??n h??n 200 l??? h???ng.
C???nh t?????ng n??y nghe quen quen.
Cu???i th??ng 12 n??m 2002, t??u v?? tr??? Th???n Ch??u IV ???? g???p ph???i m???t ?????t r??t hi???m g???p tr?????c khi ph??ng. Nhi???t ????? th???p trong qu?? tr??nh ph??ng ???? ?????t ra m???t th??ch th???c nghi??m tr???ng ?????i v???i s??? an to??n c???a t??n l???a, v?? ?????a ??i???m ph??ng ???? t???m th???i th??nh l???p m???t "?????i C???u h??? L???nh cho T??n l???a v?? T??u v?? tr???". ????? gi??? ???m cho t??n l???a, h??? ???? s??? d???ng nhi???u ph????ng ph??p kh??c nhau, bao g???m ??i???u h??a kh??ng kh?? c??ng su???t l???n v?? che c??c l??? r?? kh?? tr??n th??p ph??ng b???ng h??n 200 t???m ch??n.
Ph????ng ph??p n??y tuy th?? s?? nh??ng hi???u qu???. T???ng l??? th???ng ???????c b???t k??n, t???ng t???m ch??n ???????c s??? d???ng ????? b???t k??n c??c l??? r??.
"C???c k??? ch???u ?????ng gian kh???, c???c k??? chi???n ?????u, c???c k??? gi???i quy???t c??c v???n ????? then ch???t, c???c k??? hy sinh." K??? t??? khi ch????ng tr??nh kh??ng gian c?? ng?????i l??i c???a Trung Qu???c ???????c tri???n khai v??o n??m 1992, ch??nh v???i tinh th???n n??y, Trung Qu???c ???? v????n l??n t??? ????i ngh??o v?? l???c h???u.
T??? Vi???n Nh??n, m???t ng?????i ????n ??ng t??m m????i tu???i, l?? th??nh vi??n c???a Vi???n H??n l??m K??? thu???t Trung Qu???c v?? l?? nh?? thi???t k??? ch??nh ?????u ti??n c???a t??u v?? tr??? Th???n Ch??u, v???n lu??n quan t??m s??u s???c ?????n vi???c thi???t k??? v?? ph??t tri???n t???ng t??u v?? tr??? Th???n Ch??u. "B???t c??? ??i???u g?? ?????t n?????c c???n ch??ng ta l??m, ch??ng ta s??? l??m."
C??u n??i n??y th??? hi???n r?? c??u chuy???n cu???c ?????i ??ng v?? ph???n ??nh t??nh c???m c???a th??? h??? c??c nh?? khoa h???c ??i tr?????c, bao g???m c??? ??ng.
Phi h??nh gia Tr??c Ch?? C????ng ??ang th???c hi???n chuy???n ??i b??? ngo??i kh??ng gian ?????u ti??n c???a Trung Qu???c th?? b???ng ??i???u khi???n ?????t nhi??n b??o ch??y ??? m??-??un qu??? ?????o. "D?? kh??ng th??? tr??? v???, ch??ng ta v???n ph???i ????? l?? c??? Trung Qu???c tung bay gi???a kh??ng gian bao la," Tr??c Ch?? C????ng ki??n quy???t r???i kh???i t??u v?? tr???.
L???i ??ch c???a t??? qu???c l?? tr??n h???t, m???t l???a ch???n chung c???a t???t c??? c??c phi h??nh gia Trung Qu???c.
L?? nh???ng ng?????i v???n h??nh t??u v?? tr???, Tri???u H???ng B??n v?? c??c ?????ng nghi???p ph???i th??nh th???o c??c k??? n??ng nhanh nh???n, ch??nh x??c v?? ki??n quy???t ????? v???n chuy???n t??u v?? tr??? m???t c??ch tr??n tru. V???i 27 n??m c???ng hi???n cho ng??nh c??ng nghi???p v?? tr???, Tri???u H???ng B??n lu??n t??m ni???m m???t nguy??n t???c: "T??u v?? tr??? kh??ng ???????c g???p b???t k??? v???n ????? n??o."
Ng??nh c??ng nghi???p v?? tr??? ????ng vai tr?? then ch???t ?????i v???i v???n m???nh c???a qu???c gia v?? d??n t???c; ????y ch??nh l?? ni???m tin c???a nh???ng ng?????i ??? tuy???n ?????u c???a d??? ??n.
??nh s??ng tinh th???n soi s??ng v?? tr???. Tinh th???n du h??nh v?? tr??? c?? ng?????i l??i, in s??u trong m???i phi h??nh gia v?? ???????c truy???n t??? th??? h??? n??y sang th??? h??? kh??c, ???? tr??? th??nh m???t di t??ch v??nh c???u.
"????ng Ph????ng H???ng, m???t tr???i m???c..."
Ng??y 24 th??ng 4 n??m 1970, m???t giai ??i???u du d????ng vang v???ng t??? kh??ng gian, v?? v??? tinh "????ng Ph????ng H???ng-1" ???? b??o hi???u s??? kh???i ?????u c???a h??nh tr??nh kh??m ph?? v?? tr??? bao la c???a Trung Qu???c.
H??m nay, 55 n??m sau, phi h??nh ??o??n Th???n Ch??u-20 m???t l???n n???a kh??m ph?? b???u tr???i, ti???p t???c h??nh tr??nh x??y d???ng m???t qu???c gia h??ng m???nh v??? h??ng kh??ng v?? tr??? v?? khoa h???c c??ng ngh???.
????? Ho??ng theo T??n hoa x??
Th??nh c??ng vi???c ph??ng t??u v?? tr??? Th???n Chau 20 ????? ra nhi???u tri???n v???ng m???i