Th?? kh??ng v???n th??? gi??i...

TH?? KH??NG V???N TH??? GI???I ??? TH?? V?? L???I ??? THI T???C VI???T NAM
(ti???p theo)
???? Ho??ng

SO SANH TI??NG NG?????I ???X??? ??M??? V?? NG?????I ???H???U ??M???.
????? Ho??ng
T??i ???? c?? nhi???u chuy??n lu???n vi???t v??? ti???ng n??i ng?????i ng?????i ???x??? ??m???(ph??t ??m qua k??? r??ng) v?? ng?????i ???h???u ??m???(ph??t ??m qua th???c qu???n (c??? h???ng ??m)..Gi??? ch??? d???n ch???ng so s??nh:
Ti???ng Anh
America ??? ?? re mi c???n ???M???
Television ??? Telev??s???n -Tivi
have breakfast- Het b??retphat ??? ??n s??ng
daily conversation ??? ????m tho???i h??ng ng??y
Ti???ng Vi???t: M???, V?? tuy??n , ??n s??ng, N??i h??ng ng??y!
Ti???ng Trung : M???, V?? tuy???n, T???o th???c, ????m tho???i nh???t
Ti???ng Ph??p:
la maison ??? c??i nh??
la cochon ??? l???n
boutique ??? c???a h??ng
num??ro un ??? s??? m???t
Ti???ng Vi???t : nh??, l???n, c???a h??ng, s??? m???t
Ti???ng Anh v?? ti??ng Ph??p nh???ng t??? r???i rac tr??n khi ?????c, x??p l???i nh?? m???t b??i th?? t??? tuy???t c???a ph????ng ????ng,, c??n ti???ng Vi???t v?? ti??ng Trung n?? kh??ng c?? ng??? ngh??a g??!
V??y v???n ??i???u trong th?? ng?????i ph??t ?? x??? ??m ?? r???t quan tr???ng !

TH?? KH??NG V???N N?????C TA T??? C??? ?????N NAY
V?? l?? do ?? x??? ??m ?? n??n t??? c??? cha ??ng ta g???i l??m th?? kh??ng v???n l?? :chi???u, bi???u, c??o, th??, t???ng, bi???u, t???, ????i, s???m, hich, t?? t???ng, tr??t, ph??, l???nh?????i???n h??nh nh??t l?? ???B??NH NG?? D???I CAO ?? - B??i c??o b??nh Ng??) c???a Nguy???n Tr??i.
B??nh Ng?? ?????i c??o ???????????? ??? ?????i c??o b??nh Ng??
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????? Ho??ng tr??ch d???ch
Th??? tr???i l??m vi???c, Vua truy???n r???ng.
???? nghe:
Vi???c nh??n ngh??a c???t ??? y??n d??n,
Qu??n ??i???u ph???t tr?????c lo tr??? b???o;
Nh?? n?????c ?????i Vi???t ta t??? tr?????c,
V???n x??ng n???n v??n hi???n ???? l??u,
N??i s??ng b??? c???i ???? chia,
Phong t???c B???c Nam c??ng kh??c;
T??? Tri???u, ??inh, L??, Tr???n bao ?????i x??y n???n ?????c l???p
C??ng H??n, ???????ng, T???ng, Nguy??n m???i b??n h??ng c??? m???t ph????ng;
Tuy m???nh y???u c?? l??c kh??c nhau,
Song h??o ki???t th???i n??o c??ng c??.

V???y n??n:
L??u Cung tham c??ng n??n th???t b???i;
Tri???u Ti???t th??ch l???n ph???i ti??u vong;
C???a H??m T??? b???t s???ng Toa ????
S??ng B???ch ?????ng gi???t t????i ?? M??
Vi???c x??a xem x??t, ch???ng c??? c??n ghi.

V???a r???i:
Nh??n h??? H??? ch??nh s??? phi???n h??
????? trong n?????c l??ng d??n o??n h???n
Qu??n cu???ng Minh th???a c?? g??y ho???
B???n gian t?? b??n n?????c c???u vinh??? ??
Ph??
T?? X????ng
Ph?? h???ng khoa Canh T??
??au qu?? ????n h???n
R??t h??n l???a b???ng.
H??? b??t h??? nghi??n;
T???i l???u t???i ch??ng.
Ngh?? ?????n ch??? ???l????ng nh??n ?????c ????? th??m n???i th???n th??ng;
Ng???m ?????n c??u ???quy???n th??? tr??ng lai??? n??i ra ng???p ng???ng.
Th??? m???i bi???t h???c t??i thi ph???n, mi???ng ????n b?? con tr??? n??i v???y m?? thi??ng;
N??o ai ng??? ch??? t???t v??n hay, t??i b???ng nh??n th??m hoa l??? ra c??ng h???ng.
C?? m???t th???y:
D???t ch???ng d???t n??o;
Ch??? hay, ch??? l???ng.
Nghi???n ch?? nghi???n r?????u, nghi???n c??? cao l??u;
Hay h??t hay ch??i, hay ngh??? xu???ng l??ng.
Quanh n??m phong v???n, ??o h??ng t???u, kh??n nhi???u t??m, ?? l???c so???n xanh;
Ra ph??? ngh??nh ngang, qu???n t??? n???, b??t t???t t??, gi??y Gia ?????nh b??ng.
T?? r???t b???ng gi???a n??m Gi??p Ng???, n???i ti???ng t??i hoa;
Con nh?? d??ng ??? ?????t V??? Xuy??n, ??n ph???n c???nh n???ng.
N??m vua Th??nh Th??i m?????i hai;
L???i m??? khoa thi M?? Tr???ng.
K??? ????? tam v??n ???? vi???t r???i;
B???ng ????? t??? ch??a ra c??n ng??ng.
Th???y ch???c h???n v??n ch????ng ????ng m???c, l??? th??nh xem gi??;
C?? m???ng th???m m?? ??o ?????n tay, g???p ng?????i n??i m???ng.
S??ng ??i l??? Ph???t, c??n k??? n??y k??? n???a l?? xong;
????m d???y v??i tr???i, qua m???ng b???n m???ng n??m cho ch??ng.
N??o ng???:
B???ng nh??? c?? t??n,
Ngo???i h??m c??n tr???ng.
K??? ?????n s??ng v??n c??n ???????c ch???m, b???ng c??t ngh??nh ngang;
Ng?????i ng???i khuya t??n h??y ???????c v??o, ??o d??i l???ng th???ng.
Thi l?? th???, h???c h??nh l?? th???, tr?? chuy???n c??ng ai?
Ng?????i m???t n??i, h???n ph??ch m???t n??i, than th??n v???i b??ng!
Gi?? c??? ch??m ngh??? ????n s??ch th?? m?????i l??m m?????i s??u ????? t??? bao gi???;
Nh???ng l?? m???i vi???c ????a ch??i n??n m???t tu???i m???t gi??, ho?? ra l??ng ????ng.
Th??i th?? th??i:
S??ch v??? m???p m???;
V??n ch????ng l??ng ng??ng.
Khoa tr?????c ???? ch???y;
Khoa sau h???n ch??ng.
H???n c?? k??? lo toan vi???c n?????c, vua ch???a d??ng t??i;
Hay kh??ng ai d???y d??? ????n con, tr???i c??n b???t h???ng!
Canh T?? t???c n??m 1900.
Chi???u
Thi??n ???? chi???u (ch??? H??n: ?????????) t???c Chi???u d???i ???? l?? m???t ??o???n v??n ???????c Ng?? S?? Li??n ghi l???i s???m nh???t ??? th??? k??? 15 trong s??ch ?????i Vi???t s??? k?? to??n th??[1], b??i v??n n??y ???????c cho r???ng do vua L?? Th??i T??? ban h??nh v??o m??a xu??n n??m 1010 ????? chuy???n kinh ???? c???a n?????c ?????i C??? Vi???t t??? Hoa L?? ra ?????i La.
Theo ?? ki???n c???a s??? gia Tr???n Qu???c V?????ng, Chi???u d???i ???? ???? kh???ng ?????nh ???????c vai tr?? c???a kinh ???? Th??ng Long,[3] l?? t??c ph???m v??n h???c khai s??ng c???a nh?? L??. Tuy nhi??n, Chi???u d???i ???? ch??a n??u b???t ???????c ch??? ngh??a d??n t???c v?? kh??t v???ng ?????c l???p, h??n n???a ng??n ng??? s??? d???ng trong v??n b???n n??y mang ???????m m??u s???c d??? ??oan, phong th???y.
????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
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B???n d???ch ti???ng Vi???t:
X??a nh?? Th????ng ?????n ?????i B??n Canh 5 l???n d???i ????, nh?? Chu ?????n ?????i Th??nh V????ng 3 l???n d???i ????, h?? ph???i c??c vua th???i Tam ?????i ???y theo ?? ri??ng t??? ti???n d???i ????. L??m nh?? th??? c???t ????? m??u nghi???p l???n, ch???n ??? ch??? gi???a, l??m k??? cho con ch??u mu??n v???n ?????i, tr??n k??nh m???nh tr???i, d?????i theo ?? d??n, n???u c?? ch??? ti???n th?? d???i ?????i, cho n??n v???n n?????c l??u d??i, phong t???c gi??u th???nh. Th??? m?? 2 nh?? ??inh, L?? l???i theo ?? ri??ng, coi th?????ng m???nh tr???i, kh??ng noi theo vi???c c?? Th????ng Chu, c??? ch???u y??n ????ng ???? n??i ????y, ?????n n???i th??? ?????i kh??ng d??i, v???n s??? ng???n ng???i, tr??m h??? t???n hao, mu??n v???t kh??ng h???p. Tr???m r???t ??au ?????n, kh??ng th??? kh??ng d???i.
Hu???ng chi th??nh ?????i La, kinh ???? c?? c???a Cao V????ng, ??? v??o n??i trung t??m tr???i ?????t, ???????c th??? r???ng cu???n h??? ng???i, ch??nh gi???a nam b???c ????ng t??y, ti???n nghi n??i s??ng sau tr?????c. V??ng n??y m???t ?????t r???ng m?? b???ng ph???ng, th??? ?????t cao m?? s??ng s???a, d??n c?? kh??ng kh??? th???p tr??ng t???i t??m, mu??n v???t h???t s???c t????i t???t ph???n th???nh. Xem kh???p n?????c Vi???t ???? l?? n??i th???ng ?????a, th???c l?? ch??? t??? h???i quan y???u c???a b???n ph????ng, ????ng l?? n??i th?????ng ???? kinh s?? m??i mu??n ?????i.
Tr???m mu???n nh??n ?????a l???i ???y m?? ?????nh n??i ???, c??c khanh ngh?? th??? n??o?
(B???n d???ch c???a Vi???n H??n l??m Khoa h???c x?? h???i Vi???t Nam, in trong ?????i Vi???t s??? k?? to??n th??, Nh?? Xu???t b???n Khoa h???c X?? h???i, H?? N???i, 1993)
S???c
Nh???ng ng?????i l??m quan t??? t??? ph???m tr??? l??n, x??a ???????c nh?? vua ban s???c phong t???ng cho cha m???, ??ng b?? c??? k??? t??y theo ph???m t?????c c???a m??nh. Nh???t ph???m ???????c tri???u ????nh truy phong ?????n cao t???, nh??? ph???m ???????c truy phong ?????n ??ng b??, tam t??? ph???m ???????c truy phong ?????n cha m???.
Trong s???c phong c?? k??? l???i c??ng tr???ng ch???c t?????c c???a ng?????i l??m quan, r???i suy ??m truy phong ?????n cha m???, ??ng b?? hay c??c c???. S???c phong ???????c b??o v??? d??n l??ng, d??n l??ng ph???i t??? ch???c ??i r?????c s???c v??? nh?? ch???. N???u nh???ng ng?????i ???????c phong c??n s???ng, s??? c?? l??? khao d??n l??ng, c??ng v???i c??o y???t gia ti??n v?? l??? th???n linh t???i ????nh.
(Theo T??? ??i???n L??? t???c Vi???t Nam, NXB V??n h??a Th??ng tin, 1996)
S???c ch?? vua T??? ?????c
???Th?? sai Su???t ?????i L?? Non thu???c ?????i 5 ?????i th???y v??? B??nh Thu???n ???? kinh qua ch???c Th?? sai do vi??n Cai t???nh ????? c???. Nay B??? binh ?????ng ?? chu???n y b??? th??? gi??? ch???c Ch??nh ?????i tr?????ng Su???t ?????i Su???t n???i ?????i binh th???y ?????ng th???i cai qu???n vi???c ??i???u ?????ng ng?????i thi h??nh c??ng v???. Nh?????c b???ng kh??ng l??m tr??n nhi???m v??? th?? theo lu???t binh m?? x??? ph???t. K??nh ?????y!???. Ng??y 29 th??ng 5 n??m T??? ?????c th??? 17 (1863).
???Hi???p qu???n L?? Non thu???c Tinh binh Su???t ?????i th???y v??? B??nh Thu???n ???? ???????c ??n chu???n th??ng m???t tr???t, nay Cai t???nh y theo ???? chu???n th??ng l??m Cai ?????i tinh binh ?????ng th???i cai qu???n ?????i bi???n binh. Ph??m m???i vi???c c??? y theo l??? m?? th???a h??nh. Nh?????c b???ng kh??ng l??m tr??n nhi???m v??? th?? theo lu???t binh m?? x??? ph???t. K??nh ?????y!???. Ng??y 8 th??ng 5 n??m T??? ?????c th??? 23 (n??m 1869).
(c??n n???a)
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